Pharmacology toxicology Q&a

[Anonymous]

Q: Acetaldehyde is metabolized by Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which drug inhibs this enzyme?
A: -Disulfram & also sulfonylureas, metronidazole

Q: Explain pH dependent urinary drug elimination?
A: -Weak Acids>Alkinalize urine(CO3) to remove more -Weak bases>acidify urine to remove more

Q: How do you treat coma in the ER (4)?
A: -Airway -Breathing -Circulation -Dextrose(thiamine &narcan) -ABCD

Q: In coma situations you rule out what (7)?
A: -Infections -Trauma -Seizures -CO -Overdose -Metabolic -Alcohol (IT'S COMA)

Q: List some specifics of lead poisoning(4)?
A: -A57Blue lines in gingiva& long bones -Encephalopathy & Foot drop -Abdominal colic / -Sideroblastic anemia

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Acetaminophen
A: -N-acetylcystine

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Amphetamine
A: -Ammonium Chloride

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Anticholinesterases (organophosphate.)
A: -Atropine & pralidoxime

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Antimuscarinic (anticholinergic)
A: -Physostigmine salicylate

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Arsenic (all heavy metals)
A: -Dimercaprol, succimer

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Benzodiazepines
A: -Flumazenil

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Beta Blockers
A: -Glucagon

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Carbon monoxide
A: -100% oxygen, hyperbaric

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Copper
A: -Penicillamine

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Cyanide
A: -Nitrate, hydroxocobalamin thiosulfate

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Digitalis
A: -Normalize K+, Lidocaine, & Anti-dig Mab

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Heparin
A: -Protamine

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Iron
A: -Deferoxamine

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Lead
A: -EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, & penicillamine

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Methanol & Ethylene glycol
A: -Ethanol, dialysis, & fomepizole

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Methemoglobin
A: -Methylene blue

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Opioids
A: -B51Naloxone / naltrexone (Narcan)

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Salicylates
A: -Alkalinize urine & dialysis

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: TPA & Streptokinase
A: -Aminocaproic acid

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Tricyclic antidepressants
A: -NaHCO3

Q: List the specific antidote for this toxin: Warfarin
A: -Vitamin K & fresh frozen plasma

Q: What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of ethanol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
A: -Acetaldehyde -Nausea, vomiting, headache, & hypotension

Q: What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of Ethylene Glycol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
A: -Oxalic acid -Acidosis & nephrotoxicity

Q: What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of Methanol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
A: -Formaldehyde & formic acid -severe acidosis & retinal damage

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Adrenocortical Insufficiency
A: -Glucocorticoid withdrawal

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Agranulocytosis (3)?
A: -Cloazapine -carbamazapine -colchicine -PTU

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Anaphylaxis?
A: -Penicillin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Aplastic anemia (5)?
A: -Chloramphenicol -benzene -NSAIDS -PTU -phenytoin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Atropine-like side effects?
A: -Tricyclic antidepressants

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cardiac toxicity?
A: -Daunorubicin & Doxorubicin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cinchonism (2)?
A: -Quinidine -quinine

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cough?
A: -ACE inhibitors (Losartan>no cough)

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cutaneous flushing (4)?
A: -Niacin -Ca++ channel blockers -adenosine -vancomycin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Diabetes insipidus?
A: -Lithium

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Disulfram-like reaction (4) ?
A: -Metronidazole -certain cephalosporins -procarbazine -sulfonylureas

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Drug induced Parkinson's (4) ?
A: -Haloperidol -chlorpromazine -reserpine -MPTP

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Extrapyramidal side effects (3)?
A: -Chlorpromazine -thioridazine -haloperidol

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Fanconi's syndrome?
A: -Tetracycline

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Focal to massive hepatic necrosis (4)?
A: -Halothane -Valproic acid -acetaminophen -Amantia phalloides

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: G6PD hemolysis(8)?
A: -Sulfonamides -INH -ASA -Ibuprofen -primaquine -nitrofurantoin /-pyrimethamine -chloramphenicol

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gingival hyperplasia?
A: -Phenytoin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gray baby syndrome?
A: -Chloramphenicol

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gynecomastia (6) ?
A: -Cimetidine -ketoconazole -spironolactone -digitalis -EtOH -estrogens

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Hepatitis?
A: -Isoniazid

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Hot flashes?
A: -Tamoxifen

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Neuro and Nephrotoxic?
A: -polymyxins

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Osteoporosis (2)?
A: -Corticosteroids -heparin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Oto and Nephrotoxicity (3)?
A: -aminoglycosides -loop diuretics -cisplatin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: P450 induction(6)?
A: -Barbiturates -phenytoin -carbamazipine -rifampin -griseofulvin -quinidine

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: P450 inhibition(6)?
A: -Cimetidine -ketoconazole -grapefruit juice -erythromycin -INH -sulfonamides

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Photosensitivity(3)?
A: -Tetracycline -amiodarone -sulfonamides

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Pseudomembranous colitis?
A: -Clindamycin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Pulmonary fibrosis(3)?
A: -Bleomycin -amiodarone -busulfan

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: SLE-like syndrome
A: -Hydralazine -Procainamide -INH -phenytoin

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: *******-Johnson syn. (3) ?
A: -Ethosuxamide -sulfonamides -lamotrigine

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tardive dyskinesia?
A: -Antipsychotics

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tendonitis and rupture?
A: -Fluoroquinolones

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Thrombotic complications?
A: -Oral Contraceptives

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Torsade de pointes (2) ?
A: -Class III antiarrhythmics (sotalol) -class IA (quinidine)

Q: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (5)?
A: -Sulfonamides -furosemide -methicillin -rifampin -NSAIDS (ex. ASA)