Chat transcript - Anatomy (Embryo and Histo)

[Anonymous]

20:04:16 [Step_1] just got a message from Rox saying her internet is down, but she will try to join us next time

20:04:37 [Brams] Hello everybody...Hi Step 1..

20:04:53 ash enters this room

20:04:55 [Step_1] blake, you might want to pick brighter color from rainbow on right, hard to see text

20:05:09 [ash] hi everyone

20:05:14 [hutals] hey brams and ash

20:05:16 [BlakeH] ok

20:05:31 [Brams] Hi hutals..

20:05:34 [Step_1] much better, thanks

20:05:40 [BlakeH] So when are u guys takin the exam???

20:05:42 [ash] i didnt have time to read gross anat

20:06:20 [Step_1] actually, i think gross is friday. tonight is embryo and histo

20:06:31 [ash] can we start with embryology and histology?

20:06:59 [ash] oh good.but in the timetable half of gross was today

20:07:02 [hutals] everyone is at different times, for my eligibility starts in september

20:07:30 [BlakeH] im takin it in November

20:07:37 [ash] my eligibility starts in october

20:07:51 [Step_1] ok, lets get started with embryo

20:07:56 [BlakeH] ok

20:08:01 [kmonica26] are U guys following Kaplan for anatomy too

20:08:04 [ash] ok

20:08:36 [Step_1] yes, pretty much following kap lan for most subjects except for path which will be gol jan

20:08:56 [BlakeH] lets start

20:08:59 [Step_1] whats the most common site of ectopic pregnancy?

20:09:04 [kmonica26] thanks fro the info

20:09:16 [BlakeH] ampulla

20:09:24 [ash] child born with deformed limbs,wrinkly skin ,abn. facies.amniotic fluid level at midpregnancy was 400 ml.diagnosis?

20:09:27 [Brams] Step 1 if we memorise Kaplan

20:09:27 [crusher] ampula of follapian tube

20:09:37 [ash] ampulla

20:09:48 [Brams] yes ampulla

20:09:52 [BlakeH] Potter???

20:10:00 [Step_1] try not to type things like kap lan, amaxon, golijan, etc or links will show up

20:10:44 [Brams] okie..

20:10:54 [ash] sorry got booted

20:11:10 [Step_1] uterine tube is the most common for ECTOPIC pregnancy, not for implantation

20:11:12 [crusher] potter ..anbonarmality in kidney function dec amniotic flui

20:11:14 [ash] has anyone answered my question?

20:11:28 Perudoc enters this room

20:11:35 [ash] right crusher

20:11:37 [BlakeH] Layer of origin of the parotid Gland????

20:11:44 [Step_1] most common site of implantation is the superior body of uterus

20:11:45 [Brams] Which gene encodes for TDF??

20:11:55 [ash] what is cyclopia?

20:12:16 [ash] blake endoderm

20:12:29 [BlakeH] Nope

20:12:37 [BlakeH] Ectoderm

20:12:38 [ash] full form of tdf?

20:12:47 [ash] oh

20:12:51 [BlakeH] submandibular and sublingual are endoderm

20:12:52 [kmonica26] ectoderm

20:13:01 [kmonica26] for parotid

20:13:08 [Brams] Testes Determining Factor ash

20:13:32 [kmonica26] sry gene

20:13:57 [Step_1] agree, parotid is ectoderm

20:14:03 [BlakeH] Yolk sac derivatives????

20:14:04 [ash] sry gene

20:14:09 [Brams] agree..

20:15:05 [Step_1] primordial germ cells, early blood and blood vessels, epithelia of gut not derived from endoderm....for yolk sac derivatives

20:15:15 [BlakeH] right

20:15:34 [BlakeH] Cyanotic congenital heart diseases????

20:16:04 [ash] tof, transposition of great vessels,tricuspid atresia

20:16:06 [kmonica26] TOF, TArteriousus

20:16:25 [BlakeH] yep the 3 Ts

20:16:42 [Perudoc] where is roxanita??

20:16:47 [Brams] Acyanotic Heart diseases??

20:17:02 [BlakeH] Etiology of TOF????

20:17:08 [kmonica26] hypoplastic, VSD, Asd

20:17:09 [BlakeH] VSD ASD

20:17:18 [ash] asd,vsd,pda

20:17:35 [Brams] 3 letters..

20:17:51 [Step_1] Roxanita wrote me a PM from library saying her internet was down and couldnt make it, but will be here on fridays chat

20:17:54 [ash] tof is causded by skewed deviation of neural crest cells

20:17:57 [crusher] asd..vasd..pda

20:18:09 [ash] as they form aorticopulm. septum

20:18:25 [BlakeH] TOF is a cause of displacement of aorticopulmonar septum

20:18:30 [BlakeH] exactly

20:18:54 [BlakeH] RVH is not a defect per se is more like a consequence

20:19:06 [Step_1] Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the great vessels, Truncus arteriosus, Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, Tricuspid atresia....for cyanotic congential heart diseases

20:19:38 [ash] what is caused by nonspiral development of aortico pulm septum?

20:20:02 [BlakeH] Transposition of the great vessels

20:20:04 [Brams] Truncous arteriosus

20:20:27 [ash] right blake

20:20:40 [ash] what is cyclopia?

20:20:48 [BlakeH] Truncous arteriosus is absence of the septum

20:21:00 [BlakeH] cyclopia =one eye

20:21:08 [ash] due to?

20:21:10 [BlakeH] dont know the cause

20:21:27 [Brams] yep you r right thanks blake

20:21:49 [ash] failure of median cerebral structures to develop

20:22:11 [BlakeH] What more often keeps alive babies wit Transposition of the great vessels???

20:22:15 [BlakeH] Thxs ash

20:22:24 [Brams] so why it isncalled called one eye ash???

20:22:26 [crusher] ASD

20:22:29 [ash] 2 syndromes associated with holoprosencephaly

20:23:21 [kmonica26] babies should have defect to allow mixing of bllod

20:23:21 [ash] brams i dont understand what you want.can you please repeat?

20:23:50 [BlakeH] yep like ASD and PDA more often

20:24:03 [Brams] I mean to say why Cyclopia is called as one eye??

20:24:11 [BlakeH] what u give to keep PDA patent????

20:24:31 [ash] cyclops is a character with 1 eye

20:24:40 [kmonica26] PG

20:24:45 [ash] i think in greek mythology

20:25:04 [BlakeH] yep, PgE2 analogs

20:25:12 [BlakeH] and to close it????

20:25:19 [Brams] okie..thanks ash..I remember that..

20:25:21 [ash] 2 syndromes with holoprosencephaly?

20:25:24 [crusher] PG1 ope Pda and indomethacin closes

20:25:27 [Brams] Indomethacin..

20:25:31 [kmonica26] indomethacin

20:25:36 [ash] indomethacin

20:25:51 [BlakeH] Pg1 or Pge2???

20:26:08 [BlakeH] to keep it open??

20:26:15 [Brams] PGE2

20:26:15 [kmonica26] its PGE2

20:26:18 [Step_1] remember the "PGA Open" (golf tournament) which means PG open and the other is the other (as gol jan would say)

20:26:45 [Brams] thanks step 1

20:26:46 [BlakeH] ok

20:26:47 [kmonica26] that was good Step 1

20:27:12 [ash] yeah

20:27:17 [BlakeH] Floor of the fossa ovalis in the Heart???

20:27:28 [Brams] germ line derivatives of Adrenal cortex and Adrenal medulla

20:28:21 [Step_1] medulla is neural crest and mesoderm for cortex

20:28:24 [BlakeH] mesoderm and neural crest respect

20:28:30 [ash] medula neural crest cells and cortex mesoderm

20:28:46 [Brams] germ line derivatives of pia, arachnoid and duramater

20:28:57 [Brams] yes everybody correct

20:29:03 [BlakeH] Who forms the floor of the fossa ovalis of the heart???

20:29:20 [Step_1] neural crest is pia and arach, mesoderm for dura

20:29:31 [ash] neural crest cells of pia and arach and mesoderm for dura

20:30:02 [BlakeH] The floor of the fossa ovalis is form by the Septum Primum

20:30:20 [BlakeH] The Limbus is by Septum Secundum

20:30:20 fana78 enters this room

20:30:38 [Brams] germline derivatives of thyroid and parafollicular cells

20:30:41 [Step_1] The floor of the foramen ovale represents the fused wall of the septum primum of the fetus

20:31:04 [ash] what is prune belly syndrome and poland syndrome?

20:31:19 [kmonica26] thyroid is endoderm and PF cells are neural crest cells

20:31:36 [Step_1] parafollicular (c) cells is NC

20:31:51 [ash] parafollicular neural crest and thyroid endoderm

20:31:53 [BlakeH] Prune Belly is failure in fussion of the anterior abdominal wall

20:32:19 [ash] good and poland?

20:32:35 [BlakeH] ???

20:32:38 fana78 exits from this room

20:33:15 [ash] poland syndrome is absence of pectoralis major

20:33:35 [BlakeH] Most common type of tracheoesophageal fistula???

20:33:44 [ash] what is kippel feil syndrome?

20:34:17 [Step_1] where does fetal erythropoiesis occur?

20:34:39 [kmonica26] fusion of 2 or more cervical vertebra

20:34:41 [BlakeH] Yolk.Liver,Spleen, Bone marrow

20:34:47 [Brams] Yolk sac step 1

20:35:14 fana78 enters this room

20:35:16 [ash] esophageal atresia and connection of esophagus with lower 1/3 of trachea

20:35:37 [BlakeH] Right ash

20:35:43 [BlakeH] 90%

20:35:44 [ash] right monica

20:36:05 [Step_1] mneumonic is Young Liver Synthesizes Blood. Starts in Yolk sac, then Liver, Spleen, Bone marrow

20:36:23 [ash] wow

20:36:23 [BlakeH] what is a Chordoma???

20:37:03 [Step_1] chordoma is a primary malignancy arising from remnants of the notochord

20:37:15 [ash] dont remember but tumor of notocordal cells?

20:37:27 [BlakeH] Right

20:37:36 [hutals] At what time in the course of development is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens?

20:37:45 [BlakeH] and a sacrococcygeal teratoma????

20:37:56 [BlakeH] 3-8 week

20:37:59 [kmonica26] 1st trimester

20:38:07 [Step_1] between 3 and 8 weeks

20:38:11 [crusher] ist trimester most suseptabble

20:38:30 [Step_1] problem with moms who dont know they're pregnant yet

20:38:33 [ash] what is the difference between oxycephaly and crouzons syndrome?

20:38:48 [hutals] yep, Weeks 3-8

20:39:09 [BlakeH] Implantation concides wit menstrual bleeding

20:39:14 [hutals] ash, you really like those syndromes

20:39:17 [ash] right during organogenesis

20:39:23 [ash]

20:39:38 [ash] by asking them we can all remember

20:39:54 [BlakeH] and a sacrococcygeal teratoma????

20:40:04 [ash] they are so confusing

20:40:15 [kmonica26] remnant of primitive streak

20:40:16 [Brams] where did u get these syndromes ash??

20:40:18 [BlakeH] Tumor arising from rest of the primitive strealk

20:40:43 [ash] high y i e l d

20:40:45 [BlakeH] VACTERL Syndrome????

20:40:50 [Step_1] remanant of primative streak

20:41:30 [Brams] Vertebral defect, Anal atresia, tracheoesphageal fistula, renal defects

20:41:47 [BlakeH] Where we can find Notochord tissue in the adult???

20:41:55 [BlakeH] limb defects

20:42:09 [BlakeH] L= Limbs defects

20:42:11 [ash] vertebral defect ,anal atresia,tracheoesophageal fistula,renal defects cvs malformations and upper limb abn.

20:42:13 [Brams] C- cardiovascular defect, L-Upper limb defects

20:42:24 [Step_1] VATER (vertebral defects-anal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula-esophageal atresia-radial and renal dysplasia)

20:42:26 [ash] blake nucleus pulposus

20:42:37 [BlakeH] Syrenomelia is an example

20:42:48 [BlakeH] Right ash

20:43:13 [Step_1] oops, wrong one.....VACTERL (vertebral anomalies-anal atresia-cardiac abnormalities-tracheoesophageal fistula-renal agenesis-limb defects) association or syndrome

20:43:48 [BlakeH] hehehehe

20:43:58 Hmmmmmm enters this room

20:44:11 [Brams] you r right Step 1 one is VATER and the other is VACTERL

20:44:12 [kmonica26] crouzon is craniosynostosis

20:44:13 [ash] step_1 do they ask about hox and homeobox etc derivatives?

20:44:16 [hutals] Deoxygenated blood from the SVC is expelled into the pulmonary artery and ____ ____ to the lower body of the fetus.

20:44:51 [kmonica26] ash what is oxycephaly

20:45:07 [Brams] ductous arteiosus hutals

20:45:16 [Step_1] ductus artereosis

20:45:46 [Step_1] i dont remember anything specifically on that....but you never know

20:46:02 [hutals] yep, ductus arteriosus

20:46:24 [hutals] Do the cardiovascular structures arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm?

20:46:43 [Hmmmmmm] mesoderm

20:46:45 [ash] oxycephaly is premature closure of lambdoid suture and coronal suture.also known as turricephaly and acrocephaly crouzons syndrome is all of above +malformations of face,teeth and ears

20:46:54 [BlakeH] mesoderm

20:47:04 [Step_1] think of the heart as a muscle, so mesoderm

20:47:11 [BlakeH] only the cushings arise from neural crest

20:47:43 [Hmmmmmm] what sort of heart defects in the child with epicanthal folds and semian crease?

20:47:57 [kmonica26] downs

20:47:58 [hutals] yep, Mesoderm for most heart

20:47:59 [ash] asd

20:48:10 [BlakeH] Down, so ASD

20:48:16 [kmonica26] endocardial cushion defects

20:48:27 [crusher] subendocardial cusion defect

20:48:30 [Step_1] endocardial cusion defects

20:48:44 [Brams] yep subendocardial cushion defcets

20:48:49 [Hmmmmmm] very good

20:48:51 [ash] function of ameloblasts?

20:48:57 [Hmmmmmm] ash ur rite too

20:49:15 [BlakeH] secrete enamel

20:49:21 [BlakeH] produce

20:49:29 [ash] good

20:49:43 [Brams] Fetal post natal derivatives of Umbilical arteries and Allontois

20:49:50 [ash] fate of peridermal cells of skin?

20:49:59 [Hmmmmmm] what layer is the thyroid gland derived from?

20:50:14 [BlakeH] umbilical folds median and medial

20:50:17 [kmonica26] endoderm

20:50:30 [BlakeH] Endoderm

20:50:33 [ash] medial umbilical ligament and urachus

20:50:41 [BlakeH] Except C cells

20:51:17 [Brams] Urachus- MEDIAN umbilical Ligament

20:51:33 [hutals] umbilical arteries become medial umbilical ligaments

20:51:43 [BlakeH] Importance of Lateral Umbilical Ligament

20:52:12 [Hmmmmmm] a 2 yo child with abdominal cramping, bleeding in stool and during endoscopy an outpouching seen ....what is the most common location for this outpouching?

20:52:16 [ash] what?

20:52:17 [Step_1] inf epigastric art for lat umbilical lig

20:52:37 [crusher] appendix??

20:52:39 [BlakeH] Clinical IMpt???

20:52:49 [ash] hmmmmmm diverticulum

20:52:51 [kmonica26] meckels?

20:52:58 [ash] sigmoid colon

20:53:03 [Hmmmmmm] yes but what the mc location?

20:53:08 [BlakeH] Esophageal diverticulum

20:53:26 [ash] 2 feet from ileocecal junction

20:53:27 [kmonica26] rule of twos

20:53:31 [Hmmmmmm] no 2 feet (or few feet) from the ileoceal valve i think

20:53:38 [Hmmmmmm] yes monica

20:53:50 [Brams] Ileum

20:54:34 [Hmmmmmm] a newborn baby with a yellow liquid coming out of his umbilicus...what is this structure called in the developing fetus?

20:54:44 [ash] fate of peridermal cells of skin?

20:54:59 BlakeH exits from this room

20:55:12 [ash] vitelline duct

20:55:15 BlakeH enters this room

20:55:39 [Hmmmmmm] good

20:55:55 [Brams] ash wut is teh answer??

20:56:25 [ash] they are desquamated as vernix caseosa

20:56:31 [BlakeH] Omphalocele????

20:57:02 [ash] blake it is vitelline fistula

20:57:11 [Hmmmmmm] a 2 month old hild with rigid arm and leg muscles and recurrent viral pnemonia..dx>

20:57:22 [crusher] a pat develop large patches of skin depigmentation its characterstic of what dis

20:57:43 [BlakeH] failure of midgut to retur to the abdominal cavity

20:57:43 [Brams] Protrusion of abdominal contents thru umbilicus blake

20:57:54 [crusher] albinism..dysplastic nevus..vitiligo..melanoma

20:58:02 [BlakeH] Gastroschisis???

20:58:16 [Hmmmmmm] vililigo

20:58:18 hutals exits from this room

20:58:18 [BlakeH] Digeorge

20:58:27 [ash] blake kartageners syndrome

20:58:32 [Hmmmmmm] good blake

20:58:42 [ash] hmmmmm agree with blake

20:58:44 [BlakeH] Immotile cilia

20:58:50 [Hmmmmmm] good ash

20:59:03 [BlakeH] deafness, infertility, situs inversu

20:59:07 [Hmmmmmm] crush what the ans?

20:59:18 [ash] kartageners syndrome is immotile cilia syndrome

20:59:20 [BlakeH] Gastroschisis???

20:59:54 [ash] malrotation of gut+bronchiactesis+infertility

21:00:05 [crusher] ans is vitiligo cos of lack of melonocyte in region of epidermis

21:00:06 hutals enters this room

21:00:14 Buzza enters this room

21:00:29 [ash] what is piebaldism?

21:00:29 [Hmmmmmm] a person wit recurrent infections and gene analysis shows defect in the tubulin polymerisation...dx?

21:00:48 [ash] chediac higashi

21:00:52 [Hmmmmmm] good

21:00:56 [BlakeH] Ventral defect in abdominal wall where the umbilical vein was

21:01:38 [crusher] kartagner syn...> ash

21:01:51 [ash] yes crusher

21:01:57 [BlakeH] Immotile cilia???

21:02:02 [BlakeH] cause???

21:02:14 [Hmmmmmm] dyenin arm problem

21:02:29 [BlakeH] yep

21:02:32 [ash] step_1 are questions on hox and homeobox derivatives asked in the exam?

21:02:39 [Brams] dyenin arm defect

21:02:55 [BlakeH] Anterograde and retorgrade transport???

21:03:32 [ash] retrograde

21:03:35 [BlakeH] what was the name of that homeobox gene syndrome again???

21:03:42 [Step_1] ash, as I said, I dont personally remember seeing any, but you never know

21:03:48 [ash] kinesin is anterograde

21:03:55 [crusher] which type ofd cells are found in neurohypophysis??gonadotropre...pitutary,,,chromaf in..pititcytes

21:04:06 [Brams] anerograde kinetic- kinesin

21:04:09 [BlakeH] pituicytes

21:04:26 [ash] crusher pituicytes

21:04:44 [BlakeH] origin of pituicytes???

21:05:04 [Hmmmmmm] neuroecto

21:05:06 [Brams] ash wut is piebaldism answer please

21:05:20 [crusher] yes its pituicytes ash a form of glial cell found in neurohypophysois

21:05:41 [BlakeH] Haploid cells????

21:05:58 [hutals] How does a cleft lip form?

21:06:00 [ash] piebaldism is localised albinism.lack of melanin in isolated patches of skin or hair

21:06:41 [Hmmmmmm] a lady with low levels of alpha feto protein...what pathology do u relate with that?

21:06:53 [ash] ant. cleft p. -palatine shelves fail to fuse with primary palate.

21:06:58 [Step_1] that was a real question about cleft lip....answer is failure of fushion of maxillary prominence with the medial nasal prominence

21:07:03 [Brams] down syndrome

21:07:16 [crusher] dowm syndrome

21:07:22 [BlakeH] Low levels????

21:07:33 [ash] posterior -palatine shelves fail to fuse with eachother and nasal septum

21:07:33 [Hmmmmmm] yes good

21:07:37 [BlakeH] isnt that high levels??

21:07:48 [Hmmmmmm] no

21:07:51 [crusher] down with down alpha feto protein

21:07:54 [Hmmmmmm] downs is low

21:08:14 [BlakeH] ohhh Thats Tubal neural defects

21:08:16 [hutals] yep, Failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes

21:08:30 [crusher] high with neutal defect

21:08:36 [BlakeH] and what else has high alphafeto protein???

21:08:54 [Hmmmmmm] ok a lady is trying to get pregnant and every time she and her husband try they cannot succeed... on a lab analysis there is hight alpha feto protien dx?

21:08:57 [ash] also multiple pregnancies

21:08:58 [crusher] hepatocellaur ca.....ferm cell tumors

21:09:03 [ash] wrong date

21:09:08 [BlakeH] yes crusher

21:09:28 [ash] yolk sac tumor

21:09:43 [ash] germ cell tumors

21:09:44 [Hmmmmmm] ok a lady is trying to get pregnant and every time she and her husband try they cannot succeed... on a lab analysis there is high HCG dx

21:09:59 [BlakeH] Haploid cell????

21:10:07 [BlakeH] Choriocarcinoma

21:10:09 [crusher] inc choriocarcinoma

21:10:15 [Step_1] Threatened abortion, Twins , Abruptio placentae can also cause high AFP

21:10:21 [Hmmmmmm] 23, n blake

21:10:23 [ash] chorioca,

21:10:29 [Hmmmmmm] yes good crush and black

21:10:41 [Hmmmmmm] but wait no thats not rite

21:10:45 [Hmmmmmm] cuz shes not pregnant

21:10:45 [BlakeH] name an haploid cell

21:10:55 [Hmmmmmm] thats why i said she cant get pregnant

21:11:02 [ash] ectopic hormone production?

21:11:02 [Hmmmmmm] so its yolk sac tumor

21:11:06 [crusher] which component of intracalated disc provides an attachment for actin filaments

21:11:18 [BlakeH] desmosome

21:11:28 [Hmmmmmm] agree

21:11:34 [ash] titin

21:12:07 [ash] and alpha actinin

21:12:09 [crusher] chices are sarcoplasmic reticulum....zona occulunda....fascia adherence...gap junction ..tight junction

21:12:27 [Hmmmmmm] fascia adherene

21:12:38 [hutals] How many arteries and veins does the umbilical cord contain?

21:12:46 [BlakeH] <a href=http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071429484/qid%3D1085033910/sr%3D2-1/valuetheplace-20>FA</a>

21:12:57 [ash] agree with hmmmmm

21:12:58 [BlakeH] 2a and 1 v

21:12:59 [kmonica26] 2a ivein

21:13:14 [crusher] fadcia adeherence allow adherence to epithelial cell and ec matrix

21:13:19 [ash] hutals 2 arteries and 1 vein

21:13:34 [BlakeH] what happens wit the umbilical vein after birth????

21:13:42 [Step_1] its AVA....one vien and 2 arts

21:13:56 [kmonica26] lig teres

21:13:59 [Brams] which vein is left??

21:14:00 [hutals] yep, 2 umbilical arteries (carries deoxygenated blood away from fetus) - 1 umbilical vein (oxygenated blood to fetus)

21:14:07 [BlakeH] yep

21:14:17 [ash] left

21:14:24 [Step_1] umbilical vien becomes the ligamentum teres

21:14:32 [Brams] LEFT vein is left

21:14:35 [BlakeH] Porcentage of saturated blood in umbilical vein???

21:14:35 [crusher] during trhe contraction of skeletalal muscle which what component doesnot contract...A.band I band//H band..Myofibril..sarcomere

21:14:51 [BlakeH] A

21:14:54 [ash] a band doesnt contract

21:14:58 [Step_1] good one brams

21:15:02 [kmonica26] highest

21:15:03 [Hmmmmmm] a person has HgB 9, MCV 110, u see polysgementted neutrophils in PBS....the patinet has mental status changes and irritaion..also a lot of other pahtologies....what congenital defect can be seen in the histology of this patient????

21:15:04 [Brams] 80%

21:15:15 [BlakeH] hehehehe

21:15:20 [BlakeH] 80 is right

21:15:28 [crusher] yes A band cpontain mysosin filament

21:15:31 ggg enters this room

21:15:45 [Brams] Thanks Step1

21:16:15 [ash] hmmmmm folic acid def

21:16:26 [ash] neural tube defects

21:16:42 [Brams] histology???

21:16:45 [crusher] but neurologic sign so b12

21:16:45 [BlakeH] antibodies against Intrinsic factor???

21:16:47 [ash] megaloblastic an.

21:16:55 [crusher] pernicious anemia

21:17:17 [Hmmmmmm] congenital percious anemia (AR)..inability to from intrinsic factor

21:17:28 [ash] oh yes b12 and pernicious an.

21:17:41 [ash] thanx

21:17:53 [Hmmmmmm]

21:18:05 [BlakeH] Different phases of arrest in the cell cycle of an oocyte????

21:18:27 [ash] what is polythelia?

21:18:34 [crusher] PrO phase??

21:18:38 [Brams] Prophase until ovulation

21:18:41 [Step_1] real question described pertioneal fluid in scrotom (hydrocele of testis) and asked what caused this?

21:18:51 [BlakeH] Thelia =nipple i guess

21:18:58 [Brams] Metaphase Until Fertilization

21:18:59 [Step_1] Prophase 1 and meta 2

21:19:10 [crusher] pateant processes vaginalis step1

21:19:14 [kmonica26] proccessus vaginalis patent

21:19:28 [hutals] precess vaginalis

21:19:34 [Hmmmmmm] agree

21:19:40 [BlakeH] yep

21:19:50 [crusher] prO phase till Ovulution and Metaphase till fertilization

21:19:54 [Step_1] yes, patent process vaginalis

21:19:59 [BlakeH] right

21:20:22 [Brams] polythelia?? ash??

21:20:28 [BlakeH] Pierre Robin Syndrome????

21:20:31 [hutals] Is a primary spermatocyte 2N or 4N?

21:20:37 [ash] primordial 46,2n;oogonia 46,2n;primary oocytes 46,4n;secondary oocytes 23,2n;ovum23,1n

21:20:41 [kmonica26] many limbs?

21:20:41 [BlakeH] thelia= nipple???

21:20:52 [BlakeH] prymary = 4n

21:20:57 [Brams] 4n

21:21:14 [ash] right blake polythelia is many nipples

21:21:20 [BlakeH] hehehe

21:21:21 [Step_1] 4N

21:21:51 [crusher] a young male with with rhabdomyosarcoma..what intermettent filament confitrms the tumor prese

21:21:57 [Step_1] Pierre Robin syndrome is hypoplasia of mandible, cleft palate, and eye and ear defects.....first arch syndrom

21:22:12 [ash] vimentin

21:22:15 [BlakeH] Right step 1

21:22:15 [hutals] yep, 4N

21:22:17 [Hmmmmmm] desmin crush?

21:22:20 [BlakeH] desmin

21:22:22 [crusher] vimentin sesmen...tonofil lamin..cytokeratin

21:22:34 [ash] desmin sorry

21:22:37 [BlakeH] conective= vimentin

21:22:38 [Hmmmmmm] vimentin in that case

21:22:55 [hutals] The right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein give rise to what adult heart structure?

21:23:19 [BlakeH] SVC???

21:23:24 [Step_1] SVC

21:23:28 [crusher] i guess vimentin

21:23:46 [hutals] Superior vena cava

21:23:49 [ash] this is misleading.muscle tumors desmin and rest of endothelial and mesenchymal vimentin

21:24:03 madalasa enters this room

21:24:18 [BlakeH] agree wit ash

21:24:20 [Step_1] hi madalsa

21:24:34 [madalasa] hi everyone

21:24:38 [crusher] thanks ash

21:24:39 [ash] hi madalasa

21:24:52 [hutals] The stapedius muscle of the ear is formed by which branchial arch?

21:25:02 [BlakeH] limphoid organ defects due to di george???

21:25:10 [BlakeH] 2

21:25:16 [hutals] 2nd

21:25:22 [Hmmmmmm] a child has the mc benign tumor of the brain..........what is the tumor marker used in the smear?

21:25:23 [ash] lamins a,b,c are intermediate filaments for?

21:25:39 [hutals] sorry, hit the send button too soon...its the 2nd arch

21:25:44 [ash] blake thymus

21:25:47 [BlakeH] GPAF

21:25:59 [Hmmmmmm] good blake

21:26:00 [ash] gpaf

21:26:16 [Hmmmmmm] the ans is astrocytoma so its GFA

21:26:19 [BlakeH] what happens to the Limph nodes and spleen in the george

21:26:26 [Hmmmmmm] glial fibrially acidic protein

21:26:38 [Hmmmmmm] BlakeH> nohting

21:27:10 [BlakeH] Limph node = paracortical zone decrease

21:27:15 [ash] periarterial region is abn in spleen and the inner cortex is abn in l.n.

21:27:25 [BlakeH] Spleen = White pulp decrease

21:27:32 [Hmmmmmm] oh

21:27:36 [BlakeH] This zones are called thymus dependent

21:27:41 [hutals] What part of the gut is the pancreas derived?

21:27:49 [Hmmmmmm] edno

21:27:53 [Hmmmmmm] endo

21:27:55 [BlakeH] ant

21:27:55 [ash] midgut

21:28:08 [BlakeH] my bad migut

21:28:13 [Step_1] foregut for pancrease

21:28:28 [BlakeH] yeah its foregut

21:28:43 [ash] oops

21:28:43 [hutals] yep, Foregut

21:28:43 [Hmmmmmm] agree with step 1 (forgut everything before and including 2nd part of duodenum)

21:28:48 [BlakeH] origin of spleen???

21:29:08 [BlakeH] annular pancreas??

21:29:26 [Step_1] real question described sup mesenteric art and asked about gut derivative?

21:29:30 [kmonica26] mesoderm origin for spleen

21:29:45 [BlakeH] midgut

21:30:06 [hutals] agree, midgut for SMA

21:30:13 [BlakeH] coeliac trunk foregut, hindgut IMA

21:30:28 [Hmmmmmm] a child with increased intracranial pressure and herniation of cerebellum into the foramen magnum ...what is the full dx?

21:30:36 [Step_1] good job midgut is correct for superior mesenteric artery

21:30:40 [Brams] annular pancreas -ventral pancreatic bud

21:30:42 [ash] foregut-celiac;midgut-sup.mesentric ;hindgut-inferior mesentric

21:30:59 [BlakeH] Inervation of 3 branchial arch???

21:31:02 [Brams] Arnold Chiari Malformation

21:31:10 [BlakeH] Arnold Chiari

21:31:15 [ash] arnold chiari

21:31:30 [Hmmmmmm] very good secondary to syrengiomyelia

21:31:31 [ash] glossopharyngeal

21:31:46 [Step_1] CN 9

21:31:46 [BlakeH] yes ash

21:32:04 [Hmmmmmm] what cells protect the spermatozoa in the testes?

21:32:15 [BlakeH] sertoli

21:32:25 [BlakeH] what do they do?????

21:32:39 [Hmmmmmm] bbb

21:32:50 [Hmmmmmm] b t b (hehe sorry )

21:32:50 [ash] substance accumulating in adrenoleukodystrophy?

21:32:59 [BlakeH] btb

21:33:02 [BlakeH] hehehehhe

21:33:04 [hutals] What suppresses the development of the paramesonephric ducts in males?

21:33:19 [Hmmmmmm] thats where my brain is

21:33:22 [Step_1] MIF

21:33:23 [BlakeH] MIS

21:33:29 [kmonica26] MIF

21:33:32 [BlakeH] F???

21:33:34 [Hmmmmmm] Mif

21:33:34 [Brams] MIF..

21:33:39 [crusher] pat with herniated nucleous pulkpouses of intervertebral disk b/w l4 and l5 what is the most likely condition

21:33:43 [BlakeH] ohh factor

21:33:52 [Hmmmmmm] what gene regulates MIF?

21:34:00 [ash] sertoli-bld testis barrier;secrete inhibin;secrete mif;androgen binding protein;have fsh receptors

21:34:19 [hutals] yep, Mullerian inhibiting substance (secreted by the testes)

21:34:30 [Hmmmmmm] loss of sensation and tingling at l5 and below crush

21:34:59 [hutals] sertoli cells???

21:35:03 [Hmmmmmm] what gene regulates MIF?

21:35:12 [BlakeH] Layers u have to go thru in Limbar punction????

21:35:20 [ash] function of manchette?

21:35:23 [BlakeH] lumbar

21:35:39 [crusher] weakness of the musclles inervated by l5 spinal cord segement

21:36:04 [Hmmmmmm] skin, interspinous lig. intraspinous lig, dura, arachnoid

21:37:12 [ash] skin ;sup. fascia;supraspinuos lig. ;interspinous lig. ;lig.flavum ;epidural space ;duramater ;arachnoid;subarach.

21:37:18 [Brams] Skin 2 fascias, 2 ligaments, 2 spaces, dura, Arach, Subarachnoid..

21:37:32 [BlakeH] flavum is in a lat approach

21:37:36 [crusher] which nerve accompanies the sup mesentric artery that inc the secretion of gi tract n inc poerastalsis

21:37:38 [Hmmmmmm] a child with ileus, elevated lipase and amylase, recureent pneumonia dx?

21:38:09 [ash] hmmmmm cystic fibrosis

21:38:10 [Brams] Cystic Fibrosis

21:38:24 [Hmmmmmm] ash u penetrate the lig flavum only if its not in the very center rite?

21:38:28 [Hmmmmmm] good ash and brams

21:38:42 [ash] i guess so

21:38:53 [BlakeH] only lateral

21:39:15 [Hmmmmmm] a child with ileus, barium swallow shows dialated colon and constriction distal to the dilation dx?

21:39:16 [crusher] which nerve accompanies the sup mesentric artery that inc the secretion of gi tract n inc peraestalsis

21:39:22 [BlakeH] microglia origin????

21:39:35 [Hmmmmmm] microglia = meso

21:39:36 [BlakeH] Hirschprung

21:39:38 [ash] hirshprungs

21:39:50 [Hmmmmmm] good

21:39:57 [ash] crusher vagus

21:39:57 [crusher] hirsprug dis..hmmm

21:40:09 [Hmmmmmm] good crush

21:40:17 [Brams] vagus..

21:40:17 [BlakeH] Splacnic nerve

21:40:21 [Hmmmmmm] crush is it vagu?

21:40:26 [Brams] Hrishprings

21:40:32 [Hmmmmmm] splancnic is sympathetic in think

21:40:35 [BlakeH] vagus

21:40:37 [Hmmmmmm] yes brams

21:40:39 [hutals] Where is type I collagen found?

21:40:44 [BlakeH] yep ur right

21:40:51 [BlakeH] tooth

21:40:56 [BlakeH] bone

21:40:57 [Brams] Vagus..vagabond nerve

21:41:07 [Step_1] skin, bone, tendons

21:41:28 [Brams] Type one-bone

21:41:31 [ash] equivalent of t tubules in smooth muscle?

21:41:34 [BlakeH] Marfan Syndrome defect??

21:41:46 [Hmmmmmm] a child with digoerge syndrome has tentany hypocalcemia and recurrent infection.on a check he had toricollis...what muscle is involved?

21:41:48 [BlakeH] calmodulin

21:41:49 [ash] fibrillin

21:41:59 [crusher] yes ash,,,,,,,,pelvic splancic nerves branches of vagus nerve provide preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to ganglia in the midgut following the branches of the arteial blood supply

21:42:04 [Step_1] type 1 is "bONE"

21:42:04 [BlakeH] SCM

21:42:12 [ash] hmmmmmmm sternocleidomastoid

21:42:20 [Hmmmmmm]

21:42:25 [hutals] yep, 1. bone 2. tendon 3. skin 4. dentin 5. fascia 6. cornea 7. late wound repair

21:42:26 [BlakeH] nerve who inervates it????

21:42:54 [ash] equivalent of t tubules in smooth muscle is caveolae

21:43:03 [Hmmmmmm] accesory blake

21:43:14 [BlakeH] yep

21:43:16 [hutals] Where is type II collagen found?

21:43:18 rozyaurora enters this room

21:43:21 [Hmmmmmm] early wound repair has what collagen?

21:43:27 [ash] sternal portion -accewssory spinal

21:43:40 [BlakeH] cartilage

21:43:41 [Step_1] carTWOlage for type 2

21:43:42 [ash] and mastoid portion i dont remember

21:44:16 [ash] wound repair has type 3

21:44:18 [BlakeH] i think its the spinal nerves c3,4

21:44:23 [BlakeH] ave to check that

21:44:25 [hutals] 1. cartilage (including hyaline) 2. vitreous body 3. nucleus pulposus.

21:44:27 [ash] keloid has?

21:44:37 [Hmmmmmm] an african american girl gets her ears peirced there is an overgrowth of skin in and around the piercing ....what type of collagen?

21:44:37 [crusher] early wound type3

21:44:43 [Hmmmmmm] hehe ash

21:45:03 [ash] hmmmmm keloid

21:45:32 [Hmmmmmm] ash> type 3

21:45:37 [Brams] Tunica media Type 3

21:45:48 [BlakeH] Blue sclerae?????

21:45:55 [Hmmmmmm] thanks brams i didn know that one

21:45:55 [ash] right guys

21:46:03 [Hmmmmmm] blake osteogenesis imperfecta

21:46:08 [ash] osteogenesis imperfecta

21:46:18 [Hmmmmmm] yellow scleara?

21:46:18 [ash] defect in collagen type1

21:46:19 [BlakeH] yep

21:46:32 [Brams] Ehler danlos syn..

21:46:35 [crusher] type1 collagen..osteo imperfecta

21:46:49 [BlakeH] type 4

21:47:28 [Brams] Ehelr danlos syn type 1 and Type IV??

21:47:30 [Hmmmmmm] a child with hyperflexibility suddenly dies due to massive bleeding from the gut......what is the diagnosis and type?

21:47:40 [ash] what levels should be monitored for bone reabsorption?

21:47:54 [BlakeH] Alkaline phosp

21:47:58 [ash] hmmmmm ehler danlos

21:48:03 [Hmmmmmm] ash is it Alk Phos?

21:48:11 [Brams] agree

21:48:13 [Hmmmmmm] what type ash

21:48:19 [crusher] rupture aotic aneursm..marfans

21:48:30 [ash] nope it is urinary hydroxyproline levels

21:48:43 [crusher] alk phosp for ***** reabs

21:48:49 [Hmmmmmm] crush its ehler danlos type 4

21:49:18 [crusher] but why is bleeding for?

21:49:18 [hutals] Describe microtubule arrangement of cilia

21:49:31 [BlakeH] an adult girl wit Adult Policystic Kidney Disease, most likely cause of death???

21:49:36 [BlakeH] 9+2

21:49:38 [Step_1] 9+2

21:49:42 [Hmmmmmm] crusher in ED type 4 its very sever so pateitn usually dies of bleeding

21:49:46 [ash] hmmmmm type 1 and 3

21:49:52 [Hmmmmmm] blake berry anuryem

21:49:56 [Brams] Aneurysm

21:50:02 [BlakeH] yep

21:50:02 [crusher] ok mthanks

21:50:04 [Hmmmmmm] ash its type 4 (*most server)

21:50:04 [hutals] yep, 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.

21:50:10 [kmonica26] rupture berry aneurysm

21:50:14 [ash] oh

21:50:18 [crusher] rupture berry aneursm'

21:50:33 [BlakeH] specific origin of C cells of thyroid???

21:50:41 [Brams] Ehler Danlos Type IV- type !, Type !- collagen Type 4

21:50:48 [Hmmmmmm] what is the most common place for a fistula in the lower gi tract for n old person?

21:50:50 [ash] syndrome associated with type 4 collagen?

21:51:00 [Hmmmmmm] c cells = neural crest

21:51:12 [Hmmmmmm] ash its goodpastures i think

21:51:13 rozyaurora enters this room

21:51:15 [BlakeH] specific????

21:51:26 [BlakeH] alport

21:51:29 [crusher] sigmoid colon??

21:51:37 [Hmmmmmm] very good crusher

21:52:13 [ash] right hmmmmm

21:52:15 [hutals] Name five types of epithelial cell junctions.

21:52:48 [BlakeH] C cells arise from 5 pharingeal pouch

21:53:02 [ash] ok people i have to go now .this was a great session.thanks a lot and bye

21:53:04 [Hmmmmmm] oh ok sorry blake didnt get ur q

21:53:06 [Step_1] zona accludens, zona adherens, maculaadherens, gap junctions

21:53:16 [Hmmmmmm] awww ok ash later take care

21:53:18 [BlakeH] its ok

21:53:31 [BlakeH] bye ash

21:53:32 [Hmmmmmm] step1 macula adhrens is desmosomes rite?

21:53:33 [Step_1] bye ash, see you fri

21:53:40 [ash] bye all

21:53:50 [Step_1] yes hmmmm

21:53:57 [Hmmmmmm] thanks

21:54:15 [Step_1] that reminds me of the fifth, i think thats hemidesmosomes

21:54:21 [Hmmmmmm] what is the remant of notocord

21:54:40 rozyaurora exits from this room

21:54:40 [hutals] 1. zona occludens 2.zona adherens 3.macula adherens 4.gap junction 5.hemidesmosome

21:54:50 [BlakeH] nucleous pulposus

21:54:56 rozyaurora enters this room

21:54:59 [Hmmmmmm] good blake

21:55:15 [Step_1] nucleus pulpous

21:55:30 [Brams] Into what cell type does a monocyte differentiate in tissues? ...

21:55:33 [Hmmmmmm] tell me 3 constriction in the ureter?

21:55:54 [Hmmmmmm] good step1

21:55:57 [BlakeH] beggining, tru the pelvic rim, and at the end

21:56:16 [Hmmmmmm] yep

21:56:24 [Hmmmmmm] brams macrophagses

21:56:32 [BlakeH] macrophage, microglia,kupffer, langerhans

21:56:39 [Brams] corerect

21:56:46 [Hmmmmmm] and dendritic

21:56:48 [BlakeH] alveolar macrophages

21:56:54 [BlakeH] hehehehe

21:57:10 [Brams] Name 2 substances produced by an eosinophil. ...

21:57:17 [Hmmmmmm] what is the funcition of clara cells?

21:57:28 [Hmmmmmm] histamine and something else

21:57:44 [BlakeH] airborne substances trappin

21:58:05 [BlakeH] Cationic something

21:58:19 [Step_1] histamine and arylsulfatase

21:58:29 [Brams] histaminase and arylsulfatase

21:58:31 [Hmmmmmm] yes blake (step1 do clara cells also secrete a surfactant like subs?)

21:58:52 [BlakeH] M cells?????

21:59:05 [Hmmmmmm] what keeps PDA alive?

21:59:24 [BlakeH] hpoxia and PG

21:59:39 [Hmmmmmm] yep step1 has a great mneumoic for it

21:59:56 [Hmmmmmm] i thinks its keep the PDA open for the PGA open

21:59:56 [rozyaurora] pge

22:00:17 [Step_1] surfactant production; their product is not the same as that produced by the type II pneumocytes, but it may form one constituent of surfactant

22:00:24 [Hmmmmmm] PGA (= Prosatagladin E)

22:00:48 [Hmmmmmm] ok thanks step1

22:01:05 [BlakeH] M cells????

22:01:05 [Hmmmmmm] what are the precursors to type 1 pneumocytes?

22:01:21 [Hmmmmmm] m cells no idea blake

22:01:46 [BlakeH] microfolds cells

22:02:06 [BlakeH] present antigens to peyers patch

22:02:12 [BlakeH] ileum

22:02:24 [Hmmmmmm] oh ok now i rmember thanks bro

22:02:43 [BlakeH] no pro

22:02:44 [hutals] What is produced by alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans?

22:02:55 [Brams] Glucagon

22:03:02 [Hmmmmmm] what are the precursors to type 1 pneumocytes?

22:03:02 [BlakeH] alpha

22:03:04 [Step_1] alpha cells is glucagon, beta is insulin

22:03:08 [rozyaurora] glucagon

22:03:11 [Hmmmmmm] agree with brams

22:03:42 usmle_exam enters this room

22:03:52 [BlakeH] type 1 pneumocytes precursors???

22:03:55 [Hmmmmmm] my stupid mneumonic is AGe BI age

22:04:15 [Hmmmmmm] blake its type 2 pneumocytes

22:04:23 [BlakeH] explain plis

22:04:45 [Step_1] thats good hmmmm

22:04:52 [Hmmmmmm] expalin what blake

22:04:54 [BlakeH] alpha glucagon beta insulin oh i get it

22:04:57 [Hmmmmmm] ty step1

22:05:01 [Hmmmmmm] yes sorry

22:05:07 [BlakeH]

22:05:38 [hutals] What type of cells are Nissl bodies found? In what parts of the cell?

22:05:53 [BlakeH] Neurons

22:05:55 [Hmmmmmm] a child with upper hypertensin and lower hypotension with turner's what is the specific dx?

22:06:01 [Step_1] found in neurons

22:06:09 [BlakeH] cell body and dendrites

22:06:20 [Step_1] coarctation of aorto

22:06:20 [Brams] causes for eosinophilia in humans? ...

22:06:21 [BlakeH] Coarctation

22:06:21 [Hmmmmmm] hutals its nerron and it has RER (ribosomes + smooth eR)

22:06:30 [rozyaurora] preductal COA

22:06:35 [Hmmmmmm] yes step1 preductal coarctaion of aorta

22:06:37 [Hmmmmmm] very good ppl

22:06:39 [Brams] COA..preductal..

22:06:40 [BlakeH] adult type

22:06:45 [hutals] Are found in neurons. Are not found in axon or axon hillock.

22:06:48 [usmle_exam] coarctation of aorta

22:06:55 [BlakeH] notching of ribs??????

22:07:06 [Hmmmmmm] yes blake

22:07:12 [Hmmmmmm] in coarc

22:07:17 crusher exits from this room

22:07:20 SMS enters this room

22:07:36 [BlakeH] parinaud syndrome?????

22:08:02 [rozyaurora] pineal tumor

22:08:07 [Hmmmmmm] oh i have heard of that..dammit i can remember

22:08:18 [BlakeH] hehehhe

22:08:45 [Step_1] paralysis of upward gaze , supranuclear palsy

22:08:46 [BlakeH] pineal tumor that compress the sup colliculi and produces hydrocephalus

22:08:52 [BlakeH] yep

22:09:22 [BlakeH] what % of the exam is histo-anat embryo???

22:09:54 [Hmmmmmm] a paiten with more than 10 kg weight loss in the past month. ptosis, mitosis, anhydrosis dx?

22:10:01 [BlakeH] horner

22:10:04 [Hmmmmmm] BlakeH> 5 %

22:10:08 [Brams] Horners syndrome

22:10:19 [BlakeH] projectile vomiting after birth????

22:10:29 [Hmmmmmm] horners syndrome secondary to pancoast tumor

22:10:30 [rozyaurora] paraneoplastic syn

22:10:34 [BlakeH] thxs hmmmmmmmmm

22:10:50 [Hmmmmmm] blake pyloric steonisis or duodenal atresia

22:10:58 [rozyaurora] pyloric stenosis

22:11:03 [Hmmmmmm] if bilious then duodenal atresia

22:11:05 [BlakeH] exactly

22:11:12 [Hmmmmmm] if non bilious then pyloric stenosis

22:11:18 [BlakeH] double bubble sign

22:11:20 [Brams] rozyaurora would you please change the color of your font..so then it is easy to read Thanks

22:11:32 [Step_1] roxy, can you pick a brighter color from the rainbow on right, hard to read the black text

22:11:46 [Hmmmmmm] hehe im going blind with all these colors

22:11:57 [BlakeH] hehehhehe

22:11:58 [rozyaurora] okie

22:12:09 [Step_1] thanks rozy

22:13:07 [BlakeH] what pharyngeal pouch gives origin to the sup parathyroid???

22:13:13 [Step_1] D-ouble bubble, D-uodenal atresia, D-o have bile, D-own syndrom

22:13:25 [rozyaurora] 4th

22:13:33 [BlakeH] hehehhee Thxs Step 1

22:13:45 [Step_1] no prob

22:13:45 [Hmmmmmm] a pateint has diffuse abdominal pain.......colonoscopy shows discontinuous inflamation near the illeocecal valve, and ascending upwards......dx? and

22:13:51 [BlakeH] right rozy

22:13:53 [Brams] components of the air-blood barrier? ...

22:13:56 [Hmmmmmm] nice step1 the 4 ds

22:14:25 [BlakeH] type 1 Pneum, membrane and endothelial cell

22:14:29 [Hmmmmmm] brams alveolar endotheluium .basement membrane and capilary endothelium

22:14:49 [BlakeH] Chrons

22:14:57 [Hmmmmmm] good blake

22:15:12 [Brams] Type I pneumocyte, endothelial cell, and their fused basement membrane.

22:15:14 [BlakeH] Alport syndrome

22:15:42 [Hmmmmmm] a chronic alcholic dies of hypotension during vomiting what pathology is involved?

22:16:05 [BlakeH] mallory weiss

22:16:14 [BlakeH] sumpin like that

22:16:35 [hutals] mallory weiss or borhaves

22:16:36 [Hmmmmmm] good ...rupture of esophageal varices

22:16:44 [BlakeH] Collateral circlations in Portal Hypertension????

22:17:47 [Step_1] do you want the vessels or the names like varices?

22:18:01 [BlakeH] vessels

22:19:14 [BlakeH] Inf rectal veins????

22:19:56 [Hmmmmmm] inf rectal vien (IIV) and middle rectal (from IMV)

22:20:05 [BlakeH] ok

22:20:10 [Step_1] i'll give you both....caput medusa, internal hemorrhoids, espophageal varices. peraumbilical veins to superficial veins of ant abd wall, sup rectal to middle and inf rectal, gastric veins to azygous (last one was real question)

22:20:24 [BlakeH] hehehehe

22:20:31 [Hmmmmmm] ty step1

22:21:35 [BlakeH] Pulmonar hypoplasia is more oftenseen due to what????

22:21:38 [Step_1] i think we covered most of what was scheduled....anyone want to discuss anything specific?

22:22:00 [Step_1] if congenital....renal causes

22:22:14 [Step_1] you will have decreased amniotic fluid

22:22:18 [Hmmmmmm] agree

22:22:31 [BlakeH] hiatal hernia

22:22:31 [Hmmmmmm] no i think its enuf step1

22:22:45 [Hmmmmmm] so anat and neuro friday?

22:23:11 [BlakeH] enuf for today

22:23:24 [Hmmmmmm] ty for showing up step1

22:23:25 [Step_1] yes, anatomy and neuro on friday

22:23:51 [Step_1] there are lots of good questions in forum, mostly by rox....be sure t ocheck them out

22:24:05 [Hmmmmmm] will do thanks

22:24:09 [Step_1] thanks for great chat and see everyone on friday

22:24:16 [BlakeH] what was the answer to that cervical mass???

22:24:20 [BlakeH] n the forum

22:24:22 [Hmmmmmm] ayte then step1 takecare and gl

22:24:30 [Hmmmmmm] latez blake take care bro

22:24:34 [BlakeH] posterior to the SCM

22:24:38 [Hmmmmmm] i think it was thyroglossal

22:24:40 [BlakeH] u too

22:24:57 [Step_1] what was the question?

22:24:58 [BlakeH] its usually ant

22:25:33 [BlakeH] a kid wit a mass that contain fluid post to the scm

22:25:33 [Hmmmmmm] step1 can u ans this one

22:25:34 [Hmmmmmm] A 35-year-old woman at 18 weeks' gestation has an increased serum á-fetoprotein concentration. Which of the following has the greatest influence in determining the predictive value of this test for neural tube defects?

22:25:39 [Hmmmmmm] A) Concentration of á-fetoprotein in maternal serum

22:25:48 [Hmmmmmm] B) Maternal history of monozygotic twin pregnancies

22:25:56 [Hmmmmmm] C) Prevalence of neural tube defects in the population in question

22:26:01 [Hmmmmmm] D) Sensitivity of the test

22:26:07 [Hmmmmmm] E) Specificity of the test

22:26:15 [Step_1] ant border of sternocledomastoid is pharyngeal fistula....but i didnt see the question

22:26:37 [BlakeH] A full-term male neonate is born with a 4x4-cm mass posterior to the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. Delivery was uncomplicated and Apgar scores were 9 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The mass is unilocular and filled with watery fluid; no other abnormalities are present. The most likely

22:26:43 [Hmmmmmm] and can u also ans this one please

22:26:44 [Hmmmmmm] http://www.valuemd.com/viewtopic.php?t=24039

22:26:54 [BlakeH] A ) branchial cyst

22:27:15 [BlakeH] B ) cystic hygroma

22:27:24 [BlakeH] C ) preauricular sinus

22:27:34 [BlakeH] D ) thyroglossal duct cyst

22:27:42 [BlakeH] E ) Zenker's diverticulum

22:27:59 [Step_1] 1st one asks about PPV which is all the positives, so can't be determined by sensitivity or specificity alone

22:28:09 [Hmmmmmm] blake the reason i thought thryoglosssal is cuz the kids newborn...

22:28:28 [Step_1] i think i would guess a, conc of AFP??

22:28:39 [BlakeH] but they usually folow the midline

22:28:49 [Brams] yeah but thyrogolossol is midline

22:28:52 [Hmmmmmm] thats what i thought......cuz prevalance has no influence rite step1?

22:29:01 [Brams] even I would go for A

22:29:30 [BlakeH] wit no other choice left A

22:29:43 [BlakeH] never heard of a hygroma

22:30:01 [Hmmmmmm] its basically carvenous lymph veseels blake

22:30:08 [Step_1] thyroglossal cyst or fistula is found along the mgratory path of thyroid gland.....this specifically mentions stenocleidomastoid, but says post instead of ant....tough call

22:30:10 [BlakeH] ok

22:30:21 [BlakeH] hehehhehe

22:30:25 [BlakeH] i know

22:30:37 [Hmmmmmm] dam

22:30:56 [BlakeH]

22:31:08 [Hmmmmmm] blake can u tell me bout branchial cysts please?

22:31:21 [Step_1] think i'd go with thyroglossal duct because pharyngeal isnt even a choice??

22:31:55 [Brams] alsThe composition of the cyst is thick mucous material , here it says watery fluid

22:32:06 [Hmmmmmm] could it be cystic hygroma thought????

22:32:15 [Hmmmmmm] cuz lymph is water

22:32:35 [BlakeH] branchial cist is a defect in the grooves

22:32:44 [Hmmmmmm] oh ok now iremembre thank

22:33:07 [BlakeH] Second Pharyngeal arch doesnt grow enuf to obliterate the grooves

22:33:42 [Step_1] i'm gonna have to look that one up to be sure

22:33:50 [BlakeH] only impt groove is the First= External auditive C

22:34:06 [BlakeH] Well thxs to all

22:34:14 [BlakeH] good night everybody

22:34:29 [Hmmmmmm] and please stp1 can u see this one

22:34:29 [Hmmmmmm] http://www.valuemd.com/viewtopic.php?t=24039

22:34:33 [Brams] Step 1 wut u suggest to read for whole Anatomy

22:34:35 [BlakeH] see u on friday!!!

22:34:41 [Hmmmmmm] then we call it a day http://www.valuemd.com/viewtopic.php?t=24039

22:34:48 [Brams] is K enough

22:34:55 [Step_1] are these new questions....i havent seen those yet?

22:35:00 [BlakeH] hehehehhe

22:35:05 [Hmmmmmm] rox put em up same day

22:35:15 [Hmmmmmm] as she did the others

22:35:26 [BlakeH] she probable had kartagener

22:35:34 [Step_1] oh, i havent had the chance to go through them all yet

22:35:40 [BlakeH] male was normal

22:35:47 [Hmmmmmm] oh ok..please take ur time

22:35:55 [Hmmmmmm] ill ask u on friday

22:36:06 [Step_1] kap is probably enuf...maybe go thru 1st aid too

22:36:23 [Hmmmmmm] dont worry ill ask u on friday...thanks for eerything step1

22:36:34 [Brams] yep, apart from meomorising <a href=http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071429484/qid%3D1085033910/sr%3D2-1/valuetheplace-20>FA</a>..

22:36:37 [Step_1] i'll try to go thru them before fri and will post answers on forum

22:36:39 [Hmmmmmm] blake i broke it down to 2 choices

22:36:54 [BlakeH] hehehhehe

22:37:05 [Hmmmmmm] C) Implantation into the uterus

22:37:09 [BlakeH] tell me

22:37:13 [Hmmmmmm] D) Migration of conceptus

22:37:21 [Brams] okie thanks you all guys, shall see you all on Friday. thanks a lott

22:37:30 [Hmmmmmm] i think its implantation too..cuz u need cilia to move the oocytes

22:37:52 [Hmmmmmm] but then again u cant even get firtilization in the first place

22:37:58 [BlakeH] if the oocyte woulda been fecuded it woulda end in ectopic

22:38:52 [Hmmmmmm] and i dunno what conceptus is

22:39:07 [BlakeH] i think is the product of fecundation

22:39:20 [BlakeH] cygote

22:39:22 [Step_1] thanks everyone for great chat.....good night and see you on fri...or in forum before that

22:39:23 [Hmmmmmm] ?what is that?

22:39:31 [Hmmmmmm] by step1

22:39:43 [Hmmmmmm] ty man

22:39:58 [BlakeH] bye