chat transcript - immunology

[Anonymous]

21:08:06 [Step_1] which is the most abundant immunoglobulin?

21:08:20 [merjo13] IgG

21:08:27 [Lorena] IgM?

21:08:29 [dsa503] IgG

21:08:30 [crusher] ig G

21:08:47 period1 enters this room

21:08:50 [Lorena] ops, bad start

21:08:59 [Step_1] IgG is most abundant. good job. IgA is 2 and IgM is 3

21:09:05 [crusher] GAM ,,is the order.

21:09:22 [Lorena] thanks crusher

21:09:26 [Step_1] good one crusher

21:09:39 [crusher] to remember the types of immunoglobulin is .GAME D

21:09:41 [Step_1] which has a j chain?

21:09:58 [crusher] igM

21:10:03 [Lorena] IgM and secretory IgA

21:10:10 [merjo13] IgM ,Ig A

21:10:17 [dsa503] igA

21:10:22 [Step_1] secretory IgA and IgM have j chains. good

21:10:42 [crusher] which is pentameric and has J chain

21:10:49 [period1] HI EVERY ONE

21:10:52 [Lorena] IgM

21:10:54 [Step_1] IgM

21:10:57 [Lorena] hi period

21:10:59 [merjo13] Hi period1

21:10:59 [Step_1] hi period

21:11:15 [Lorena] gM (Massive)

21:11:41 [Step_1] which found in mucus membranes?

21:11:50 [period1] IGA

21:11:58 [merjo13] IgA

21:12:02 [Lorena] IgA2 (secretory form)

21:12:08 [crusher] what are the cells involve in innate immunity?

21:12:12 [dsa503] Iga

21:12:17 [crusher] igA in secretions

21:12:27 [Step_1] IgA is correct, and secretory more specific....very good

21:12:48 [merjo13] PMN, monoctes, macro, eosino

21:12:50 [period1] MACROPHAGES,DENDRITIC CELLS

21:12:54 [Lorena] PMN, macrophages, monocytes, NK

21:13:31 [crusher] PMNs.monocytes machrophages,eosinophils..all correct

21:13:33 [Step_1] agree

21:13:38 [period1] HEY i am not bad,remembering a bit what i read

21:13:42 [period1] was so scared

21:14:06 [crusher] what is the major difference B/w innate and acquired immunity

21:14:17 [Step_1] period....repitition is the key to memory

21:14:28 [Lorena] cool period, thats the purpose of this chat...motivate you

21:14:37 [merjo13] Innate..nonspecific

21:14:48 [period1] thanks

21:14:53 [merjo13] Acquired..specific

21:15:01 [Lorena] innates isnot specific,and adaptative is specific and acquired

21:15:10 [Step_1] nonspecific vs specific

21:15:51 [crusher] innate is nonspecific,no memory and not inducable while acquired is Specific has memory and inducable

21:16:19 [Step_1] which one crosses placenta?

21:16:31 [merjo13] IgG

21:16:32 [Lorena] igG

21:16:33 [period1] IGg

21:16:40 [crusher] igG

21:16:55 [Step_1] IgG is the only one to cross placenta. So what does it mean if newborn has IgM?

21:17:03 [Lorena] which Ig's activate complement?

21:17:15 [merjo13] It has active infection

21:17:24 [Lorena] it means the fetus has an infection

21:17:34 [merjo13] IgM, IgG

21:17:45 [Lorena] the newborn i mean

21:17:49 [merjo13] both activate compliment

21:17:49 [Step_1] thats right....infection from mom

21:18:03 [crusher] which cells are involve in acquired immunity and what they produce?

21:18:11 [Lorena] yes merjo\

21:18:45 [merjo13] T & B cells

21:18:50 [period1] tand b cells

21:18:53 [Step_1] complement activation is IgG and IgM

21:18:54 [dsa503] B cells they produce Ab's

21:18:55 [merjo13] and produce antibodies

21:19:24 [period1] b cells produce antibodies,

21:19:35 [crusher] B cell,which produce antibody and T cell produce cytokines

21:19:35 [Lorena] agree

21:20:02 [Lorena] yes step 1

21:20:29 [merjo13] How many isotypes of immunoglobulin are present in our body

21:21:14 [crusher] 9

21:21:16 acestep1 enters this room

21:21:20 [dsa503] 18

21:21:23 [Lorena] igG(4) igM, igD, IgE, igA (2)= 9 in total

21:21:28 omwaseem enters this room

21:21:37 [period1] 9

21:21:39 [Step_1] 9 immunoglobulin heave chain isotypes. add another nine if you want to inlude light chains too

21:21:53 [Step_1] hi ace, hi omwassem

21:22:03 [dsa503] hello ace

21:22:03 [Lorena] hi ace and omwa

21:22:07 [acestep1] hi step1

21:22:07 [merjo13] That's right so a total of 18 floats in our body

21:22:13 [dsa503] hi omwaseem

21:22:27 [crusher] what do you inject in vaccination..like MMr/Dpt..antigen or Ab

21:22:30 [acestep1]

21:22:36 [acestep1] hi lorena

21:22:42 [merjo13] Ag

21:22:49 [dsa503] antigen

21:22:54 [Lorena] antigen

21:23:06 [crusher] and what kind of immunity is this

21:23:07 [Step_1] watch the wording because it could be 9 or 18, depending on whether they ask about total or just heavy chains

21:23:07 [acestep1] agree

21:23:11 [omwaseem] hi everybody

21:23:32 [Lorena] thank you step

21:23:34 [acestep1] yes agree with step1

21:23:56 [merjo13] Thanks step1

21:24:10 [dsa503] ace can you change your colour pls

21:24:12 [Step_1] you guys might want to pick a brighter color from the rainbow so we can see the text better ->

21:24:18 [omwaseem] active immunity

21:24:23 [Lorena] active acquired or induced

21:24:37 [acestep1] sure

21:24:51 [acestep1] is it ok now

21:24:53 [omwaseem] induced

21:25:01 [Step_1] very nice....thanks

21:25:02 [Lorena] much better

21:25:06 [dsa503] much better thanks

21:25:06 [crusher] yes it is Antigen we inject in vaccination..like MMr/Dptand is artifically active immunity

21:25:11 [acestep1]

21:25:23 Pascal enters this room

21:25:46 [crusher] what is artifically passive immunity and what we inject,,one exapmple plz?

21:25:49 [Lorena] hi pascal

21:25:59 [Pascal] hi

21:26:07 [merjo13] Immunoglobulin injected

21:26:13 [Step_1] hi pascal

21:26:22 [acestep1] we inj ab preformed in another host . like chicken pox ab

21:26:22 [merjo13] for tetanus

21:26:26 [Pascal] hey

21:26:29 [omwaseem] HepA

21:26:32 [acestep1] hi pascal

21:26:35 [Lorena] we inject immunoglobulins or INF , like treatment for hep B , or tetanus, botulinum after exposure to the toxin

21:27:21 [crusher] correct lorena ,good ans

21:27:24 [Pascal] so you all of u are getting ready to write USMLE 1?

21:27:45 [Step_1] we're getting there

21:27:50 [Pascal] good-

21:27:57 [merjo13] Which Ig involved in opsonisation?

21:28:02 [Pascal] what is your weakest point

21:28:04 [Step_1] how bout you?

21:28:08 [omwaseem] IgG

21:28:11 [Lorena] igG

21:28:30 [merjo13] Yes IgG!

21:28:30 [Step_1] mine personally is biochem (mol biol to be exact)

21:28:33 [crusher] igG

21:28:33 [Pascal] no, just enterinf 1rst semester at Ross

21:29:05 [acestep1] agree

21:29:13 [Step_1] congrats

21:29:22 [Lorena]

21:29:30 [crusher] what factors cause adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells

21:30:00 [Step_1] sorry, i agree with IgG for osponization too

21:30:09 [Pascal] prostaglandin?

21:30:13 [Lorena] integrins

21:30:20 [acestep1] interins n sel;ectins

21:30:55 [Lorena] agree with ace

21:30:55 [omwaseem] Guys I am struggling with immuno and want to have a general idea how the body react to an invasion(principal sequences)

21:30:58 [Step_1] integrin-ICAM

21:31:29 [crusher] LFA1 and ICAM 1 are the adherent factors for neutroplis,there function is to move neutrophils to out of cappliary to tissue with the help of adhesion

21:32:07 [Step_1]>[omwaseem] depends on the organism (i.e. exogenous, endogenous, etc.)

21:32:16 [Lorena] very good crusher

21:32:27 [Step_1] since allotype has no biological significance...what can it be used for? (real question)

21:32:46 [crusher] paternity cases

21:32:53 [dsa503] paternal testing

21:32:53 [omwaseem] let say exogenous

21:33:00 [acestep1] agree

21:33:02 [merjo13] Yes agree

21:33:04 [Lorena] agree with crusher

21:33:09 [Pascal] melatonin is syntesized primarily in what nucleus

21:33:24 [Step_1] the actual question described a paternity case and asked what part of Ab can be used. Allotype. good

21:33:43 [Lorena] in pineal gland pascal?

21:33:57 [dsa503] suprachiasmatic nucleus

21:33:59 [Lorena] we are discussing inmmunology tonight

21:33:59 [Pascal] yes, but what nucleus

21:34:04 [Pascal] ok sorry

21:34:12 [crusher] there are minor genetic differences between the two indiviuals ,

21:34:15 [Pascal] yes supra!! good

21:34:41 [Lorena] great step

21:35:12 [crusher] ig G step1?

21:35:33 [crusher] i think constant region of antibody

21:36:08 [acestep1] yes allotype si constant region

21:36:34 [Step_1] sorry, i missed the question crush?

21:36:40 Bayda enters this room

21:37:02 [Lorena] hi bayda

21:37:05 [Bayda] hello everybody

21:37:09 [acestep1] hey bayda

21:37:12 [Step_1] hi bayda

21:37:26 [dsa503] hello bayda

21:38:09 [omwaseem] anergy?

21:38:29 [Step_1]>[omwaseem] exogenous peptides ingested from outside cell, processed (degraded_ in endosomes. mhc 2 is synthesized along with invariant chain, transported to endosome. invariant chain realeaded, mhc2 binds peptide and transported to cell surface, for recognition by helper t cell. but the question is too gen

21:38:31 [crusher] what types of molecules are present on surface of mature B cells

21:38:51 [Bayda] IgG

21:38:57 [Lorena] igM and igD

21:39:01 [dsa503] IgM & IgD

21:39:12 [acestep1] agree

21:39:14 [period1] IGD@M

21:39:18 [Step_1] IgG

21:39:24 [Bayda] where is IgG than?

21:39:25 [crusher] yes igM and ig D

21:39:35 [Step_1] IgM

21:40:03 [Bayda] please explain

21:41:02 [Step_1] B cell antigen receptors

21:41:18 [Step_1] so they are both present on B cells

21:41:59 [Lorena] the mature b cell has igM and igD on the surface (remember that the primary response to ag is mostly ab igM that is increased) , the memory cells have igG (increased in secondary response) or other igG depending of the ag

21:42:49 [Bayda] OK thanks

21:42:53 [Lorena] igM is not very specific but has more binding sites , igG or the other ig's are more specific

21:42:58 [Step_1] HLA DP, DQ and DR associated with which class of MHC?

21:43:22 [Lorena] class II

21:43:45 [Bayda] IgM is more potent stimulant of complement

21:43:47 [period1] class2

21:43:57 [crusher] initially there is IgM and ig D molecules on the surface of mature B cells alter when isotype switicing take place replace by igG or IgE

21:43:58 [Step_1] the D's are like the spanish word for 2 ("Dos"), so they are associated with class 2. good job

21:44:39 [Lorena] exactly bayda, good correlation

21:45:01 [Step_1] which HLAs are associated with class 1? what cells are they located?

21:45:08 [crusher] what are prim lymphoid aorgans

21:45:20 [crusher] ABC and all nuclead cells

21:45:21 [period1] HLA-A,B,C

21:45:29 [Step_1] BM and Thymus

21:45:32 [Bayda] almost any cell has class 1

21:45:42 [Bayda] what cell does not have class 1?

21:45:43 [Lorena] class 1 is in all nucleated cells and platelets:HLA a,b,c

21:46:06 [period1] all nucleated cells and platlets

21:46:08 [Lorena] agree with step 1 , BM and thymus

21:46:39 [Lorena] red blood cells dont have class I

21:46:40 [Step_1] HLA A, B C and on all nucleated cells and PLTs. not on mature RBCs because non-nucleated,

21:47:22 [crusher] yes its bone marrow and thymus are prim lymphoid organs

21:47:29 [Lorena] class II binds to endogenous ag

21:47:40 [Bayda] yes erythrocytes - no class I

21:47:54 [Step_1] B2-microgloulin is associated with which MHC class?

21:48:10 [Lorena] class I

21:48:11 [period1] class1

21:48:13 [crusher] class1

21:47:54 [Step_1] B2-microgloulin is associated with which MHC class?

21:48:10 [Lorena] class I

21:48:11 [period1] class1

21:48:13 [crusher] class1

21:48:27 [Bayda] is it part of TCR?

21:48:29 [acestep1] agree

21:48:35 [Step_1] thats right its assoc with class 1....very good everyone

21:48:46 [acestep1] i dont think so bayda

21:49:11 [Lorena] no bayda it is not

21:49:11 [crusher] The ans is MHC class1 bind to endogenous peptide

21:49:23 [Step_1] i dont think so either bayda

21:50:11 [Step_1] but class 2 mhc will bind to TCR

21:50:49 [Step_1] CD marker for all T cells?

21:51:10 [Lorena] CD2, CD3

21:51:14 [period1] cd4&8

21:51:27 [crusher] Cd3

21:51:30 [acestep1] agree with lorena

21:51:46 [Step_1] CD3 for T cells (i remember T-3 as in terminator 3 the movie....plus it rhymes )

21:52:07 [Lorena]

21:52:29 [Step_1] cd 4 and 8 are both B cell markers. which one associated with which MHC class?

21:53:09 [crusher] mHC1 with CD8 and MHC2 with CD4

21:53:23 [Lorena] cd4 with class II , and cd8 with class I

21:53:25 [acestep1] agree

21:53:35 [Step_1] must equal 8. So MHC 1 is CD 8 and MHC 2 is CD 4 because 8 x 1 = 8 and 4 x 2 = 8

21:53:38 Bayda enters this room

21:53:56 [crusher] CD 19/20/21 are find in what cells

21:54:10 [Bayda] B

21:54:20 [Step_1] B cells

21:54:26 [Bayda] what is the assay for class1 compatability?

21:54:27 [Lorena] B cells

21:54:30 [acestep1] b cells

21:54:55 [crusher] right its B cell

21:54:56 [period1] bcells

21:55:12 [Lorena] CD16 and CD56 are found in what cells?

21:55:24 [crusher] \\\\\T cells/TO Step_1

21:55:27 [period1] nkcells

21:55:32 [acestep1] agree

21:55:45 [acestep1] nk cells

21:56:03 [Step_1] i remember that one because it sure would be great to "B 19, 20, 21 yrs old again"

21:56:15 [Step_1] agree with nk

21:56:23 [Lorena] very good ace and period!

21:56:30 [Lorena] and step 1!

21:56:42 [Lorena] and cd14?

21:56:50 [Step_1] yes CD3 is for Tcells crush

21:56:59 [Step_1] macrophages

21:57:11 [Step_1] for CD 14 that it

21:57:36 [Lorena] yes!

21:57:51 [crusher] whats the role of CD 40?

21:58:07 [Step_1] Ab switching

21:58:14 [Lorena] apoptosis

21:58:17 [Step_1] class switching

21:58:33 [acestep1] class switching

21:58:58 [crusher] correct it act in antibody class switching

21:59:04 [Lorena]

21:59:15 [Step_1] what is CD30 for?

21:59:44 [crusher] where Cd28 and B7 molecule find and whats their function?

22:00:19 [Step_1]>[crusher] costimulatory for t cell activation

22:00:38 [Step_1] Reed sternberg cells = CD 30, not as important but still good to know

22:00:39 [Bayda] CD56 - complement cotrol protein?

22:01:10 [crusher] Cd 28 on helpher T cell and B7 on B cell.their function is costimulation

22:01:12 [Lorena] cd28 and b7 are costimulatory (t, and b cell)

22:01:14 [acestep1] cd28 on t cells n b27 on b cells . func costimulatory signal

22:01:21 [Bayda] I saw CD30 in &lt;a target=new href=http://click.linksynergy.com/fs-bin/click?id=c97WUMRO5hY&offerid=47491.10000206&type=2 &subid=0>QBank&lt;/a><IMG border=0 width=1 height=1 src=http://ad.linksynergy.com/fs-bin/show?id=c97WUMRO5hY&bids=47491&type=2&subid=0 >

22:01:39 [Lorena] thanks step for the CD 30 info

22:01:39 [period1] cd28on cell

22:01:50 [period1] b7on bcell

22:01:52 [Bayda] o boy jst tried to say q &lt;a target=new href="http://click.linksynergy.com/fs-bin/click?id=c97WUMRO5hY&offerid=47491.10000058&type=3 &subid=0" >Kaplan&lt;/a> bank

22:02:08 [Step_1] bayda, try not to type words like kap lan, amaxon, first aid, etc or you will trigger the link

22:02:09 [acestep1] thnx step1

22:02:12 [Bayda] sorry

22:02:30 [Step_1] your welcome

22:02:32 [acestep1] i think step1 both cd15 n cd30 r found on reed sternberg ?

22:02:45 [acestep1] plz correct me if im wrong

22:03:12 [Step_1] i think you're right ace....but i'm just going by memory. i'll try to check

22:03:19 [period1] thanks step1

22:03:28 [acestep1] k

22:03:37 [acestep1] thnx

22:03:50 [period1] crusher,r we right

22:03:52 [Bayda] cd28 - costimulator of T cell?

22:04:27 [Step_1]>[acestep1] your right ace. "The Reed-Sternberg cell is of B-lymphocytic origin. The cell stains positive for CD-15 and CD-30"

22:04:36 [Lorena] cd28 is on the t cell and binds to B7 of the b cell

22:04:53 [acestep1] k . thnx

22:04:58 [crusher] ats right badyahtyes

22:05:04 [acestep1]

22:05:38 [Lorena] the rol of fas-fas ligand

22:05:54 [Lorena] ?

22:06:01 [crusher] VDJH where we find in heavy or light chain

22:06:19 [acestep1] its 1 method of killing teh cell ( virus infected allograft or ca cell )

22:06:38 [Step_1] heavy because D is only in heavy chaings

22:06:52 [Lorena] yes ace, very good! it induces apoptosis

22:07:03 [acestep1] k . thnx

22:07:04 [period1] heavychain

22:07:20 [Lorena] agree with step

22:07:38 [crusher] correct step one in heavy chain its VDJC while in light chain its VJC

22:07:41 [Step_1] induces apotosis lorena

22:08:37 [Lorena] yes

22:08:44 [Lorena] good job

22:08:52 [crusher] which part of antiboy does antigen bind

22:09:04 [Step_1] thanks lorena....always get confused about fas

22:09:08 [Lorena] Fab

22:09:19 [crusher] where does complememt bind?

22:09:20 [Bayda] Fab

22:09:28 [period1] FAB

22:09:29 [acestep1] agree

22:09:34 [acestep1] fc

22:09:36 [Step_1] variable region

22:09:57 [crusher] yes its bFab portion and variable region

22:10:21 [crusher] complement bind on Fc portion

22:10:53 [Step_1] which is the first Ab to appear in allergic reaction?

22:11:08 [Bayda] IgE

22:11:13 [crusher] igE

22:11:14 [Lorena] igE

22:11:26 [Bayda] what part of complement is activated by Ab?

22:11:26 [period1] IGe

22:11:28 [acestep1] iigM

22:11:42 [acestep1] N TEHN CLASS SWTICHING

22:11:52 [acestep1] to ig e

22:11:53 [Lorena] the classic pathway

22:12:05 [Step_1] that was a trick question (real one) which expects you to realize that IgM is ALWAYS first to appear. IgE is the distractor which appears later in greater response, but after being switched from IgM

22:12:17 [Bayda] which is c1c2c4

22:12:24 [crusher] classic by IgG and igM

22:12:50 [Lorena] great explanation , thanks ace and step

22:13:04 [acestep1] ur welcome

22:13:19 [Step_1] welcome

22:13:45 [Step_1] what is the primary cytokine for inflammation (fever)?

22:13:49 [crusher] good to know

22:13:59 [Bayda] IL1?

22:14:01 [crusher] il1

22:14:05 [Lorena] IL-1

22:14:14 [acestep1] agree

22:14:32 [Step_1] fever and inflammation = IL-1....good job. what about T ell activation. which one?

22:14:49 [acestep1] il2

22:14:50 [crusher] il2

22:14:52 [Bayda] ifn gamma

22:14:56 [Lorena] IL-2

22:15:00 [Bayda] IL12

22:15:13 [Step_1] IL 2 = T cell activation. ign gamma is for activation of macrophages

22:15:25 [crusher] il2 is self stilulatory as well as stimulate B cell

22:15:34 [Step_1] mneuomonic is Hot T Bone stEAk.....

22:16:18 [Bayda] IL12 is more specific for cell medicated response

22:16:34 [Bayda] IFN gamma unspecific stimulation by memory cells

22:17:00 [Step_1] mneuomonic is Hot T Bone stEAk.....Hot (fever) = 1, T cell activation = 2, Bone marrow stimulation = 3, igE = 4, igA = 5

22:17:33 [Bayda] OK I see it in aid

22:17:43 [Step_1] great....now i just made myself hungry

22:17:46 [Lorena]

22:18:00 [acestep1] lol

22:18:05 [Bayda] brain uses glucose

22:18:14 [acestep1] gd 1 step1

22:18:30 [Step_1] the dancing banana made my hunger ever worse

22:19:06 [Lorena] have some

22:19:21 [Lorena]

22:19:31 [Step_1]

22:19:38 [period1] hey this is cool

22:19:53 [Step_1] what functions by binding beta chain of variable region to mhc class 2?

22:19:58 [Lorena] we take our breaks with those icons

22:20:01 [period1] how r u doing these

22:20:16 [acestep1] superantg?

22:20:25 [Step_1]>[period1] check out the ? mark on the left for the codes

22:20:30 [acestep1] lol

22:20:35 [Lorena] click on the ? sign on the right

22:20:38 [Lorena] left sorry

22:21:12 [Step_1] yes. superantigen is correct. what is a common dz that produces this?

22:21:13 [period1] ok,thanks

22:21:17 [Lorena] is it superag?

22:21:33 [Lorena] ok

22:21:42 [acestep1] staph - enterotoxin n tsst

22:21:44 [Lorena] toxic shoxk syndrome

22:21:53 [acestep1] also retrovirus

22:21:59 [Step_1] toxic shoick syndrome (TSST) and staph enterotoxin is right

22:22:19 [Step_1] retro also....didnt know that one. thanks

22:22:25 [Lorena] retrovirus too ace?

22:22:37 [acestep1] &lt;a target=new href=http://www.Amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071382178/valuetheplace-20>Jawetz&lt;/a> mentiosn retrovirus as well

22:22:43 [acestep1] oops

22:22:47 [acestep1] yes

22:23:12 [acestep1] j- awetz mentions retrovirus as well

22:23:13 [Step_1] didnt know jaw etz could do that either

22:23:16 [Lorena] good to know

22:23:18 [Bayda] retroviruses are superantgn?

22:23:20 [acestep1] lol

22:23:31 [acestep1]

22:23:59 [Bayda] what about retroviruses please explain

22:24:24 [acestep1] they also act as superantg

22:24:55 [Step_1] C3b, C5a, C3a....which are osponin, anaphylaxtoxin, chemotaxic?

22:25:05 [Bayda] meaning they stimulate all cells?

22:25:27 [Bayda] C3b - opsonin, C5a -chemotatcitc

22:25:50 [Lorena] and both c5a and c3a are anaphylotixins

22:25:50 [crusher] C3b opsonin,,C5a chemotaxin,,,C3a anaphylaxiton

22:25:54 [acestep1] agree n c3a n c5a - anaphylotoxins

22:25:55 [Bayda] LTD4 is potent chemoattractant too

22:26:10 [Step_1] C3b is osponin, C3a and 5a are anaphylatoxin (match the a's), and C5a is also chemotaxic

22:26:22 [period1] c3b-ops,c3a,4a,5a anap[hy

22:26:34 [period1] 5a,chemotaxis

22:26:40 [acestep1] cool step1

22:26:42 [crusher] C3b opsonin..C5a and C3a chemotaxin.

22:26:56 [acestep1] u make things so easy for us

22:27:09 [Step_1]>[Bayda] i didnt get your question? "meaning they stimulate all cells?"....which are you referring to?

22:27:17 [Lorena] you have a gift to teach step

22:27:20 [kokushubila] THANKS GUYS , YOU "CURE" ME WITH ALL THESE

22:27:31 [acestep1] lol

22:27:34 [Step_1] if i can only teach myself too

22:27:47 [Lorena] are you feeling a little better kokush?

22:28:07 [acestep1] hey step1 ur doing great

22:28:15 [acestep1] dont worry

22:28:35 [Bayda] retorviruses are they superantigens?

22:28:41 [kokushubila] Yeah a little bit now, THANKS

22:28:52 [Lorena] yes step, you always know everything! please when you do your step 1 make us know how you did, everybody will be so happy to hear you do great!!

22:28:53 [Step_1] i'm just trying to pay back since you all taught me during my weak subject of biochem...thanks for the help

22:29:00 [Bayda] do thy stimulate B cells or T cells

22:29:04 [kokushubila] Yes Bayda from &lt;a target=new href=http://www.Amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071382178/valuetheplace-20>Jawetz&lt;/a> it says so

22:29:18 [acestep1]

22:29:29 [Bayda] you mena aid?

22:29:49 [Lorena] she meant ja we tz

22:30:05 [kokushubila] Yes Lor

22:30:13 [Bayda] I see

22:30:19 [Step_1]>[Bayda] a superantigen basicall makes a really tight bind betwwen the mhc 2 cell and the TCR, which increases its effect

22:30:54 [Lorena] what type of hypersensitivity in lupus?

22:31:08 [Shaun] three

22:31:15 [crusher] 3

22:31:16 [Step_1] tyoe 3

22:31:17 [period1] type3

22:31:24 [Bayda] Ag mediated III

22:31:31 [kokushubila] It says viral proteins from "mouse mammary tumor virus"A retrovirus "

22:31:46 [crusher] immune complexes are present

22:31:49 [Lorena] very good

22:32:03 [period1] erythroblastossi fetalis which type of hypersensitivity?

22:32:09 [Bayda] lumpy bumpy

22:32:09 [Lorena] i am confused if also type II because the have hemolityc anemia?

22:32:13 [kokushubila] II

22:32:17 [crusher] type2..

22:32:18 [Bayda] type II

22:32:19 [acestep1] i think type 2

22:32:32 [period1] yes

22:32:36 [Lorena] type II for EF

22:33:06 [Step_1] letter of alphabet ABCD for 1234....type 1 is Allergic, 2 is antiBody, 3 is immune Complx, 4 is Delayed

22:33:30 [kokushubila] Great Step 1

22:33:37 [period1] good hint step1

22:33:38 [Bayda] what is isoptye for EF?

22:33:45 [Bayda] isotype

22:33:50 [merjo13] Thanks step1

22:33:53 [Lorena] you are an

22:33:56 [Bayda] IgG or IgM?

22:34:12 [Lorena] igG

22:34:22 [Step_1]

22:34:24 [Bayda] it's IgM for some reason

22:34:37 [Bayda] from question in kq

22:35:02 [period1] igG

22:35:07 [crusher] Ef for what?

22:35:28 [Step_1] jaw.etz question had hemolyic dz of newborn as type 4, but kap lan says its type 2?? anyone know about this?

22:35:39 [Bayda] erythroblastosis fetalis

22:35:43 [Lorena] in the k notes it says is igG

22:35:55 [Bayda] why should it be 4?

22:36:33 [Lorena] i think type II makes more sence

22:36:33 [acestep1] no idea step1

22:36:39 [Step_1] i agree with kap.lan, so maybe it was just a typo in jaw.etz....just checking

22:36:46 [kokushubila] I think it's II

22:36:48 [acestep1] should b type 2 cuz ab against teh rbcs

22:37:11 [crusher] what type in Poision ivy?

22:37:24 [acestep1] type2

22:37:24 [Lorena] type IV

22:37:25 [period1] 4

22:37:35 [Step_1] i agree, so ignore the 1st question of the "130 immuno questions" on the forum because i think the ans is wrong

22:37:39 [acestep1] oops i mean type4

22:37:41 [merjo13] Type2

22:37:45 [period1] TYPE4

22:37:51 [Step_1] i agree type 4

22:37:58 [Bayda] OK notes2003 say it's either M or G

22:37:59 [acestep1] k

22:37:59 [crusher] yes type 4 is ans

22:38:15 [crusher] what type in DM typ1 and DM type2

22:38:28 [Bayda] no G

22:38:33 [Bayda] sorry my mistake

22:38:42 [period1] TYPE1-4AND TYPE2-2

22:39:15 [Step_1] type 2 is 2

22:39:26 [crusher] can you explain what is reason of difference

22:39:36 [Lorena] both type 2?

22:40:23 [Lorena] type II is ab mediated against our own cell or receptors

22:41:27 [Lorena] which is the case here i think (ab against B cells, and anti insulin)?

22:41:33 [Step_1]>[crusher] do you mean cytotoxic vs non-cytotoxic crush? the latter is sometimes called type V

22:41:38 [crusher] ans is type1 is 4(delayed) and type2=2(non cytotoxic)

22:42:18 [Lorena] thank you crusher, great info

22:42:32 [Step_1] didnt know type 1 was delayed. thanks.

22:42:37 [Bayda] type IV also causes Hashimoto and contact allergies

22:42:42 [Step_1] kap lan asked at least a couple of questions describing a pt with tuberculosis and asked what type of hypersensitivity?

22:42:59 [Bayda] IV

22:42:59 [Lorena] type IV

22:43:03 [crusher] 4

22:43:04 [period1] TYPE4

22:43:18 [Step_1] M. tuberculosis is type 4. very good everyone

22:43:36 [Bayda] candida elicits type IV too

22:43:50 [Step_1] identical twins get a transplant. what yype of graft is this?

22:44:14 [merjo13] Isograft

22:44:15 [Lorena] slow growing bugs can cause type IV

22:44:16 [kokushubila] LAtex Glove contact dermatitis saw it on K Q

22:44:19 [period1] ISOTYPE

22:44:27 [period1] SORRY ISOGRAFT

22:44:40 [Bayda] why some jewelery gets green with time?

22:44:42 [kokushubila] SO the A is Type IV

22:44:51 [Lorena] agree isograft

22:44:51 [period1] OR SYNGENEIC GRAFT

22:44:53 [Step_1]>[kokushubila] thats type 4 along with nickel too

22:45:12 [Bayda] type IV to nickel or chromium

22:45:30 [Step_1] ident twins = syngeic or isograft. allograft = same species, autograft is to same individual, and xenograft is different species

22:45:35 [kokushubila] Ok Cosmetics Type IV , Thanks

22:45:37 [Lorena] why do they get green?

22:45:57 [Bayda] oxidation

22:46:07 [Bayda] type IV to chromium

22:46:13 [period1] B'SE OF CHROMIUM AND NICKEL REACTION

22:46:23 [Lorena] thanks

22:47:19 [Lorena] hyperacute graft reaction, what type?

22:47:27 [kokushubila] LAso in KQ they ask Glomuerulonephritis things and ask about H.sensitivity Rxs

22:47:39 [Step_1] type 4

22:47:48 [kokushubila] Oooooooooops , Also...

22:47:58 [period1] WHAT IS TH EANTIGEN USED IN ELISA

22:48:04 [Step_1] type 4 was for graft vs host

22:48:20 [Bayda] ag?

22:48:34 [Bayda] could be gp120 for HIV

22:48:36 [crusher] type for acute and chronic GVS raection

22:48:36 [acestep1] type - graft vs host

22:48:40 [acestep1] pe gn

22:48:59 [crusher] is it same for hyperacute too???

22:49:02 [Bayda] glomerulonephritis poststrep?

22:49:14 [period1] HYPERACUTE GRAFT REACTION IS TYPE 4

22:49:15 [acestep1] oops imean type 4 graft vs host

22:49:15 [Lorena] hyperacute garft rejection is type II

22:49:23 [merjo13] Type3

22:49:32 [acestep1] n type 3 GN

22:49:43 [crusher] yes must be type2

22:49:44 [Lorena] hyperacuite is different from acute

22:49:44 [Bayda] graft host type IV

22:50:01 [acestep1] k . thnx lorena

22:50:08 [Bayda] hyperacute type II

22:50:20 [Lorena] be careful

22:50:36 [merjo13] Thanks lorena

22:50:58 [kokushubila] What about Mysasthenia Gravis?

22:51:00 [Step_1] there is no such thing as acute graft vs host. there are hyperacute and acute rejections and there is graft verses host....but different things

22:51:25 [Bayda] MG- type II

22:51:33 [acestep1] k thnx step1

22:51:40 [Lorena] type II

22:51:42 [merjo13] Type2

22:51:46 [acestep1] agree type 2

22:51:54 [crusher] non cytotoxic type2

22:51:55 [kokushubila] Good Bayda , was a real KQ

22:52:27 [acestep1] hey wht is kQ?

22:52:43 [kokushubila] Kap lan Q

22:52:43 [Bayda] what about postrept glomerulonephritis?

22:52:52 [merjo13] type3

22:52:59 [crusher] 3

22:53:01 [period1] TYPE2

22:53:04 [Lorena] type III

22:53:05 [Step_1] graft vs host is where the graft itself recognize the host MHC molecules as nonself and attack the host. type 4. hyperacute is when preformed Abs in the host recognize surgace antigens on the donor tissue

22:53:06 [acestep1] oh ok . thnx

22:53:14 [acestep1] type 3

22:53:19 [Bayda] type III

22:53:36 [acestep1] yes agree with step1

22:53:41 [Bayda] what about acute?

22:53:43 [period1] THANKS BAYDA

22:53:52 [Lorena] agree step 1

22:53:56 [acestep1] hyperacute is when u transplant again ?

22:54:12 [acestep1] so u have preformed ab ?

22:54:25 [Lorena] or for some reason you have preformed ab

22:54:42 [acestep1] k . thnx

22:54:53 [crusher] like mismatch blood??

22:55:22 [Lorena] mismatch blood is also type II yes

22:55:39 [acestep1] gd 1 crusher

22:55:43 [Step_1] yes, you have preformed antibodies sometimes...thats the reason for trying to match blood types. hyperacute is within mins sometimes.

22:55:50 [acestep1]

22:56:07 [acestep1] ic

22:56:14 [Lorena] acute is not by ab, it is by T cells...thats why it takes a litle longer (days to weeks)

22:56:32 [crusher] i remember a case seeing on tV i think last yaer a person died cos of mismatched blood.

22:56:54 [Bayda] reactivation of sensitized T cells

22:56:56 [Lorena] yes, a girl from mexico

22:57:16 [acestep1] oh ic

22:57:44 [Lorena] example for type II hyperacute graft rejection

22:57:54 [Bayda] OK so therei is hyperacute, accelarated, acute, chronic

22:58:22 [Lorena] chronic...what type?

22:58:36 [crusher] type4

22:58:47 [Bayda] hyperacute - preforemd ab, accelarated - sensitized T cells reactivate, acute - priamry activation of T cells

22:58:50 [period1] TYPE4

22:58:52 [Step_1] yes bayda. also dont forget graft vs host which is kinda different concept, but has to do with grafts

22:59:05 [Bayda] chronic - years, ab play role

22:59:24 [Bayda] slow cellular reactions too

22:59:32 [acestep1] k

22:59:45 [Lorena] i guess it could be many, because also develop immunocomplexes

23:00:17 [Step_1] what enzyme is deficient in Chronic granulomatous disease CGD? will this have positive or neg NBT?

23:00:45 [Lorena] the fact tghat patients with chronic rejection are taking immunosupressants makes the cause or rejection unclear

23:00:46 [Bayda] NADPH oxidase

23:00:48 [crusher] NADPH oxidases and +ve NBT test

23:01:01 [Lorena] agree

23:01:06 [Bayda] negative NBT

23:01:24 [Lorena] negative test

23:01:24 [Bayda] no active froms of O2

23:01:33 [Bayda] no change of color

23:01:37 [Step_1] yes NADH oxidase and neg NBT....good

23:02:06 [Step_1] angioedema....what is deficient?

23:02:22 [Bayda] C2?

23:02:23 [crusher] what different substances acts in Killing of Bact in O2 dependent myeloperoxidase sys?

23:02:40 [crusher] C1 esterases?

23:02:59 [acestep1] c1

23:03:01 [Bayda] C1 inhibitor

23:03:15 [acestep1] c1 inh

23:03:23 [acestep1] imean

23:03:27 [Step_1] C1 inhibitor deficiency. correct everyone

23:04:10 [Lorena] i have to go everybody, see you on next chat!

23:04:31 [Bayda] see you

23:04:47 [Bayda] thanks for your explanations

23:04:48 [crusher] good night lorena!

23:04:49 [period1] WHAT IS TH EANS STEP 1 FOR DEFICIENCY OF ANGIOEDEMA

23:04:50 [kokushubila] Ok Bye, Thanks

23:04:52 [Step_1] great chatting with you lorena.

23:05:01 [Lorena]

23:05:05 [acestep1] see u lorena . take care

23:05:11 [period1] BYE LORENA

23:05:11 [merjo13] Bye

23:05:15 [Lorena] i love this guys! bye

23:05:18 [Step_1]>[period1] C1 inhibitor deficiency.

23:05:29 [acestep1] . hey step1 how did u do tht

23:05:34 [period1] THANKS STEP1

23:05:45 [Bayda] so why C3 def causes pyogenic infections when C5-C8 Neiserria?

23:06:18 [Step_1]>[acestep1] &lt;-- you mean the name thing?

23:06:25 [acestep1] c3b no opsonisation

23:06:26 [Bayda] is it because opsonization is enough for Staphyl and not enough to kill N?

23:06:56 [acestep1] nessiria si killed by memb attack complex- c5-c9

23:07:07 [Step_1] yes due mainly to osponization which is mediated by C3

23:07:08 [acestep1] i eman bye

23:07:17 [acestep1] imean bye

23:07:40 [period1] C3 DEF-PROBLEMS IN OPSONIZATION,C5-PROBLEMS IN LYSINE CELLS

23:08:20 [Bayda] what deficiency leads to candida infections?

23:08:27 [Step_1] that was actually lorena who did that one, but it can be found by clicking the ? mark on the left and finding the code for it

23:08:36 microphage enters this room

23:08:48 [acestep1] k . thnx

23:09:20 [Step_1] t cell deficiency will lead to candida and other fungal infections

23:09:32 [period1]

23:09:42 [period1] HEY I GOT 1

23:09:47 [acestep1] lol

23:10:09 [kokushubila]

23:10:11 [Step_1]>[period1] u got it

23:10:30 [merjo13] smiley7

23:10:33 [period1] THAT WAS GOOD KOKUS

23:10:51 [period1] YES STEP1.I GOT IT

23:11:09 [merjo13]

23:11:13 [kokushubila] Now am Alive

23:11:16 [merjo13] Me too

23:11:21 [Bayda] :agree

23:11:35 [period1] OK,NOW WHAT R THE MAIN THINGS TO REMEMBER IN LAB PROCEDURES

23:12:21 [Step_1] coombs is a high yield concept for labs...what is the difference between direct and indirect

23:12:25 [Step_1] ?

23:12:41 [Bayda] indirect on mother

23:12:53 [Bayda] to detect ab

23:12:55 [period1] DIRECT IS FOR HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA

23:13:09 [period1] IRECT FOR RH INCOMPATIBILITY

23:13:12 [Bayda] direct - just add antiglobulin to baby's blood

23:13:30 [Step_1] direct = RBC and indirect = serum. in the case of those examples, the babies RBCs vs the mothers serum are tested

23:14:10 [Bayda] what about mycoplasma infection?

23:14:34 [Bayda] what imm test will be positive?

23:15:49 [Step_1] detected on the red cell surface by the antiglobulin , so i think its direct??

23:16:18 [Step_1] the cold IgM Ab

23:16:26 [crusher] iDirect direct we use anti human gamma globulin and RhD cell,,to find antibody on the syrface of infant Rh RBc

23:17:11 [Bayda] cold agglutinins test is performed to detect the presence of antibodies in blood that are sensitive to temperature changes

23:17:22 [Bayda] shoud be direct

23:17:39 [crusher] while in Idirect 3(things)gamma globulin ,mother SERUM andRhD cells

23:18:13 [Bayda] The disease most commonly diagnosed by this test is mycoplasmal pneumonia, but mononucleosis, mumps, measles, scarlet fever, some parasitic infections, cirrhosis of the liver, and some types of hemolytic anemia can also cause the formation of cold agglutinins

23:18:27 vladi enters this room

23:18:38 [crusher] the MAIN thing we detect ANTIBODY against fetus RBcs

23:18:42 [Step_1] thanks crusher and bayda

23:18:47 [Step_1] hi vladi

23:18:56 [Bayda] Cold agglutinins are autoantibodies that cause red blood cells to clump, but only when the blood is cooled below the normal body temperature of 98.6°F (37°C). The clumping is most pronounced at temperatures below 78°F (25.6°C).

23:19:05 acestep1 enters this room

23:19:28 [vladi] hi everybody

23:19:30 [Bayda] so when do we have "warm" ab?

23:19:35 [acestep1] hey guys sorry i got dc

23:19:36 [kokushubila] Hello guys I have to go now

23:19:37 [crusher] hi Vladi

23:19:51 [acestep1] bye koku

23:19:52 [Step_1] hope you feel better kokush

23:19:52 [Bayda] buy

23:20:01 [period1] BYE KOKUS

23:20:03 [Bayda] hope to see you soon

23:20:10 [crusher] bye koku

23:20:24 [merjo13] Get well soon!!

23:20:30 [merjo13] Bye KoKu

23:20:55 [Step_1] ok, we went over this a couple of weeks ago, so some should know this. which is initial screening for HIV?

23:21:07 Betty31 enters this room

23:21:14 [acestep1] elisa

23:21:32 [period1] ELISA

23:21:32 [kokushubila] Hope so I don't feel Good now , By bye THANKS

23:21:41 [merjo13] Elisa

23:21:49 [Step_1] ELISA is initial screening. if positive....repeat. if still positive, what next?

23:21:54 [crusher] elisa

23:22:01 [acestep1] hey koku wht happened

23:22:03 [merjo13] Western blot

23:22:07 [crusher] western blot

23:22:16 [acestep1] western blot

23:22:20 [Bayda] western

23:22:22 [period1] WESTERN BLOT

23:22:40 [Step_1] western blot is next...very good. now here is the trick question thats worth the bonus points ....

23:22:46 [Bayda] what is the antigen?

23:22:51 [crusher] koko are u ok

23:23:06 [period1] P24

23:23:26 [Step_1] what % of newborns born to moms with HIV + will have positive HIV Abs?

23:23:27 [merjo13] p24?

23:23:30 [Bayda] p24 is gag protein

23:23:38 [Step_1] agree...p24

23:23:46 [crusher] p24

23:23:49 [Bayda] they will use HIV lysate

23:23:52 [acestep1] hey step1 we do elisa twice right ? if both + then we do western blot . right ?

23:24:04 [acestep1] p24

23:24:10 [Step_1] yes ace....correct

23:24:16 [acestep1] all step1

23:24:25 [acestep1] k . thnx :0

23:24:27 [Betty31] the test detect the anti-p24 IgG in the patient serum

23:24:31 [acestep1] imean

23:24:32 [Bayda] specific dbands are p24, gp120 gp41 and p17

23:24:45 [period1] WHAT %STEP1

23:24:55 [acestep1] yes agree

23:25:07 [Step_1] 100% of newborns of HIV moms will have a positive ELISA because the IgG Abs directed against the p24 is passed

23:25:28 [Step_1] what % will have after 1 yr if repeat the test?

23:25:36 [vladi] warm autoimmune anemia- RBC bind IgG with or without complement-more common than cold

23:25:40 [Bayda] good one

23:25:56 [merjo13] Thanks

23:25:57 [Bayda] 50?

23:26:04 [Betty31] M-E-D-A-G is the order from the biggest IgG to the smallest who is IgG who crosses the placenta

23:26:07 [acestep1] if no d/s then 0

23:26:18 [Betty31] sorry, the biggest is IgM

23:26:39 [acestep1] k

23:26:43 [Step_1] 20% remain positive after 1 yr because moms IgG will be gone, so that means baby is HIV . If given AZT, the % drops to 5%

23:26:44 [Bayda] ELISA antigen is p24

23:26:53 [vladi] i think 100

23:26:53 [Bayda] Western - virus lysate

23:26:55 [acestep1] thnx valadi n betty

23:27:09 [acestep1] ic

23:27:19 [vladi] IgM is pentamer

23:27:57 [merjo13] Thanks step1

23:27:57 [period1] GOOD ONE STEP1

23:28:05 [Step_1] if you can understand the concept of that trick question, you're in good shape to understand many points of different subjects....the boards loves that type of question so know it well

23:28:13 [Betty31] yes that's why is so big, Macro Ig

23:28:16 [Bayda] thnks Step_1 do you agree on antigen?

23:28:31 [acestep1] k - step1

23:28:52 [crusher] good step1

23:29:08 [Step_1] yes, elisa detexts IgG Ab in pts serum directed aganst p24 Ag....is that your question?

23:29:17 [Step_1] you're very welcome

23:29:45 [crusher] what does western blot detect?

23:29:50 [Bayda] they use HIV lysate as Ag for Western

23:30:07 [Bayda] p24 for ELSIA

23:30:14 [vladi] protein

23:30:50 [Step_1] bound IgG Abs detected by an enz staining rxn....similar to ELIZA

23:31:09 [period1] detect anti-hiv antibodies

23:31:32 [Bayda] they could have multiple bands on the gel

23:31:39 [Bayda] p24 one of that

23:31:55 [Bayda] +gp120 gp41 p17

23:31:57 [crusher] western blot aslo detrmine antibodies or protein to follo major antigen which are gp120/gp41 and gp24..if 2 are postive then its positive for HIV

23:32:08 [Betty31] WB + when the pt has Ab to 2 of these antigens: gp120, gp41 or p24

23:32:33 [Step_1] the difference is that a positive western blot requires the presence of 3 different viral antigens detected by Abs in pts serum. so it is more likely to be accurate

23:33:18 [Bayda] western is mre specific in general

23:33:43 [Bayda] + u know the size of the protein detected

23:33:47 acestep1 exits from this room

23:33:49 [period1] acestep1-r u there

23:33:52 [crusher] not all three but only 2 vis enough to confirm the Dx

23:34:17 [Step_1] what would be the best test to confirm HIV (but rarely used because expensive). but to know if newborn is HIV or not, this would be a good test...if the pt can afford it?

23:34:22 acestep1 enters this room

23:34:34 [crusher] pcr

23:34:35 [Bayda] PCR

23:34:40 [Bayda] RT-PCR

23:34:54 [Betty31] ELISA has high sensitivity

23:34:54 [merjo13] PCR

23:34:54 [Bayda] wich will tell viral load

23:35:06 [Step_1] also used to determine how pt is doing....yes the ans is PCR. very good

23:35:12 [Betty31] and WB -- Specificity

23:35:14 [acestep1] sorry i got dc again

23:35:42 [Step_1] i think we covered just about everything for immuno....anything else?

23:36:08 [period1] what is th efull form of pcr

23:36:14 [merjo13] Thanks step1 that was a lot of help

23:36:22 [Bayda] what immunodeficiency is associated with hypocalcemia -got this one in kbnk

23:36:43 [Step_1] digeorges

23:36:48 [crusher] i guess we left with major diseses and marker of immunocomprisive dis

23:36:55 [merjo13] Digeorge

23:36:56 [acestep1] agree

23:37:12 [acestep1] yes

23:37:15 [Bayda] correct

23:37:25 [Step_1] ok, lets go thru those

23:37:47 [acestep1] k

23:37:48 [Step_1] what is the gene defect for brutons?

23:38:02 [vladi] agree with di -gerge

23:38:29 [acestep1] x linked

23:38:31 [Bayda] tyrosine kinase

23:38:45 [acestep1] tyrosine kinase def. i think

23:39:05 [period1] tyrosine kinase

23:39:05 [Bayda] no B cell pre B cells in the bone marrow

23:39:09 [merjo13] Absent B cell- x linked

23:39:16 [Step_1] yes, its xlinked, but i was looking for the tyrosine kinase...good

23:39:20 [crusher] no circulating B cell.X linked recssive with defecincy of tyrosine kiase

23:39:26 [Betty31] what about Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome?

23:39:27 [acestep1] k

23:40:07 [acestep1] no y inf

23:40:08 [period1] xlinked recessive

23:40:11 [Betty31] what Ig fail to respond in Wiskott-Aldrich Sd?

23:40:19 [vladi] tk gene-agree

23:40:20 [Step_1] wiskott aldrich has low PLTs and low IgM, but high Ig AGE

23:40:37 [crusher] x.linked,with ntriad .and dec igM

23:40:38 [acestep1] so inc igE n so inc hitamine

23:40:52 [Betty31] Wiskott, the W put inverse M

23:40:57 [vladi] B-and T-cell def

23:41:13 [Step_1] good one betty

23:41:17 [Bayda] thanks Betty

23:41:57 [Betty31] How do you recognize this Wiskott-Aldrich?

23:42:08 [vladi] low IgM- main sign, then high IgA and normal IgE

23:42:14 [Bayda] Wiskott - if remeber M than + malignant lymphomas

23:42:46 [Bayda] trombocythopenia + eczema + combined immunodefi

23:42:47 [Betty31] Infant, recurrent pyogenic Infx, eczema, thrombocytopenia, excessive bleeding, IgG normal. don't forget

23:42:51 [Step_1] there is a triad of thrombocytopenia, eczema and recurrent pyogenic infections

23:42:54 [acestep1] k

23:42:55 [vladi] clinic presentation and low IgG

23:43:10 [Betty31] Good Step_1

23:43:41 [Bayda] where is the deffect?

23:44:06 [Step_1]>[Bayda] in what?

23:44:12 [acestep1] gamma int

23:44:26 [acestep1] gamma interferon imean

23:44:33 [Bayda] wiskott

23:44:57 [Step_1] defect in ability to mount an IgM response to capsular polysaccharides of bacteria

23:44:59 [Bayda] X linked recessive - no IFN gamma?

23:45:01 [Betty31] Inability to mount initial IgM response to the capsular polysacharides of pyogenic bacteria

23:45:02 [acestep1] yes. tht causes inc th2 cells - inc inE

23:45:08 [Bayda] what gene?

23:45:09 [vladi] inability to maitain IgM response to capsular polycharides of bacteria

23:45:27 [Step_1] WAS protein

23:45:51 [Step_1] dont know

23:46:06 [period1] treatment of ada deficiency

23:46:34 [acestep1] gene therapy

23:46:35 [vladi] the won't ask it about gene

23:46:36 [crusher] gene therapy

23:46:36 [Bayda] first disease for gene treatment

23:46:43 [Bayda] OK

23:46:58 [Bayda] X recessive is good enough than

23:46:58 [period1] yes bayda

23:47:26 [acestep1] ok abt wiskott . j-awetz says no gamma interferon . so inc th2 - inc igEe

23:47:47 [acestep1] n so inc hist- eczema- type 1 allergy

23:48:09 [acestep1] n also hist blks neutrophil action so infections

23:48:42 [acestep1] n also due to low ig M levels

23:49:29 [Step_1] i've got mixed labs depending on source for wiscott aldrich. all say dec IgM and inc IgA. some say inc G and E too, some say normal...dont know which to believe?

23:50:24 [Betty31] wait a minute... there is also a progressive decrease in Tcells, elevated IgA and IgE and normal IgG, of course beside low IgM

23:50:29 [acestep1] hey step1 think of it thsi way

23:50:53 [vladi] what's kind of immunodef associated with development of aspergillus

23:50:56 [acestep1] u remb il4 inc th2 cells

23:51:00 [Bayda] in kapbnk I had a question with elevated IgG, A and E and low M

23:51:15 [acestep1] n gamm interferon inh th2 cells

23:51:35 [acestep1] if th2 inc igE should inc

23:51:35 [Bayda] aid says A elevated E- normal

23:52:01 [vladi] step1- i'm in same shoes- i think we can try &lt;A target=new HREF="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071429484/qid%3D1085033910/sr%3D2-1/valuetheplace-20">First Aid&lt;/A> as a last resort

23:52:06 [Step_1]>[vladi] CGD assoc with aspergillous

23:52:37 [Bayda] ya it does that

23:53:07 [Betty31] hematologic malignancies predispose to aspergillosis

23:53:08 [Bayda] aid works good (don't type full names of common refrnces)

23:53:15 [vladi] yes, step1

23:53:18 [Step_1] 1st aid is the one that says inc IgA and normal E. kap lan q.bank says incr AGE

23:53:57 [vladi] how about gardia infections- what's kind of immunodef

23:54:00 [Bayda] I guess they had 2 patients

23:54:23 [Step_1] i guess the important thing to know are the symptoms mixed with high A and low M....the rest is probably not as important...i hope

23:55:09 [acestep1] but step1 always when eczema , it mean type hypersensitivity n so inc hist n inc igE

23:55:29 [acestep1] type 1 hypersensitivity imean

23:55:54 [period1] hey all.bye for.got to go.thanks for all ur help

23:55:56 [Step_1] good point ace

23:56:02 [vladi] that's right, step 1- you know why IgA

23:56:04 [acestep1] vladi - i dunno but giardia is fungal so should b t cell def

23:56:08 [period1] good night

23:56:12 [acestep1] thnx

23:56:20 [acestep1] gd nite period

23:56:34 [acestep1] but step1 ddi u get it

23:56:36 [Step_1] good night period....see you on sat

23:56:51 [acestep1] imean y igE n th2 cell thing ?

23:56:55 [period1] thanks and bye

23:56:59 [Bayda] good night

23:57:09 [Step_1] yes ace, it makes perfect sense about the relation of histamine and inc IgE

23:57:25 [acestep1] k

23:57:35 [Step_1] thanks

23:57:52 [acestep1] n remb &lt;a target=new href=http://www.Amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0071382178/valuetheplace-20>Jawetz&lt;/a> says its all cuz of gamma interferon defciency

23:58:09 [Step_1] yes, i think we covered everything, good time to call it quits....so i;ll say good night to all.

23:58:18 [acestep1] oops imean j- awetz says inc th2 is cuz of dec gamma interferon

23:58:21 [vladi] we discuss extremely important stuff- how we can answer- there is some rules that we mentioned above. i got impression that they ask gardia as a sign IgA def- as a most common immunodef

23:58:49 [acestep1] oh yes ur rite

23:58:55 [Betty31] thanks vladi, that's a good one

23:59:08 [acestep1] sorry abt tht vladi

23:59:35 [Step_1] sorry vladi....didnt see the question

23:59:43 [vladi] yes, i agree - although we need to try SCID and selective Igs def

00:00:39 [crusher] i gotta go now too.its late for me

00:00:50 [vladi] step 1- i asked above about gardia- when it happens

00:00:56 [acestep1] yes i think we should stop here

00:01:10 [Betty31] check this website, tehy give you a summary: http://www.student.med.umn.edu/class2001/genetics.html

00:01:16 [Bayda] see you crusher

00:01:48 [Betty31] it's a table of genetic disorders

00:01:54 [acestep1] god nite crusher

00:01:54 [Bayda] thanks Betty

00:01:58 [Bayda] looks good

00:02:00 [vladi] all right- have good night

00:02:13 [acestep1] good nite imean

00:02:17 [Bayda] gardia infection - IgA def?

00:02:21 [crusher] i,m not sure about next chats as i,will be busy in moving

00:02:51 [vladi] thanks betty

00:02:52 [acestep1] but do keep in touch crusher

00:02:54 [Step_1] good one betty..thanks for the table.

00:02:56 [crusher] goodluck guys ,its a great way to read via commetment

00:03:06 [acestep1]

00:03:07 [Betty31] oki doki

00:03:21 [crusher] i will acestep1

00:03:54 [acestep1] take care crusher n gd luck 2 u too

00:04:03 [Step_1] you will "ace step 1".....sounds good

00:04:13 [Betty31] ok I hope it helps, I will check for the transcript of this chat to see what I missed

00:04:33 [acestep1] lol

00:04:46 [vladi] yes bayda- because it comes from penetrance of mucous memebrane where IgA produces- that's why- sinusitis, pneumonia and gardia

00:04:50 [Step_1] vladi, i have to go, can we discuss that point in the forum?

00:04:50 [Betty31] thanks, good night everybody.

00:05:13 [Step_1] good night betty

00:05:16 [Bayda] good night Betty

00:05:23 [Bayda] thanks for the table

00:05:32 [acestep1] gd nite betty

00:06:05 [Step_1] see everyone on say....keep an eye on the forum as there should be some new questions posted to help with studies