[usmlear] hello everybody

[gewiner] hi

[bioche2006] hi all

[usmlear] hi bio

[bioche2006] hi usmlear

[usmlear] i saw your micro schedule

[bioche2006] yaa so what u think erum is not satisfied

[bioche2006] erum doenst want to do micro

[lange] hi all

[usmlear] i don't have mmrs

[bioche2006] u can do from kaplan i guess sam e chapters are there int hat too

[usmlear] what is the time for micro chat?

[bioche2006] same or wann makei t 12.30 fine withe me

[lange] bio ..where is schedule?

[usmlear] ok,we r willing to do biochemistry at night( 10.30pm )..r u going to join?

[usmlear] 12.30pm for micro is fine..

[bioche2006] i am targetting one subject at a time , u guys finshed path??????

[usmlear] but maybe ,I will be there off & on.

[bioche2006] off and on where

[usmlear] in micro

[bioche2006] its fine

[usmlear] initial 1 wk

[usmlear] then will be regular

[usmlear] i have some work to finish till aug /7

[bioche2006] i made schedule for all kaplan notes till oct byt his way devoting 4 hours i gues we can finsh all kap by oct anyone can join or leave

[bioche2006] no prop me too iam doing observership thats why dong onesubject at a time

[bioche2006] we can begin discussion now

[usmlear] ok

[gewiner] ok

[lange] ok

[usmlear] who will start?

[lucky11] hi

[usmlear] hi

[gewiner] hi

[an_bo_al] hi

[bioche2006] who all are ready to ask questions today

[lange] hi all

[usmlear] ok..what r the hr from ant pit & post pit?

[bioche2006] I HATE THIS WHEN NO ONE COEMS FORWARD TO ASK QUESTION

[usmlear]

[lange] ant- gh prl fsh lh tsh

[bioche2006] ANT GH ACTH TSH FSH LH PROLACTIN

[gewiner] Ant-ACTH-PL-FSH-LH-TSH

[usmlear] ant pit:FSH,LH,ACTH,GH,TSH

[lange] pot-oxcytocin adh

[gewiner] post: oxitocin-ADH

[usmlear] rt

[lucky11] ant pit are TSH,GH,ACTH prolactin

[lange] hi erum

[erum] hi all

[usmlear] hi

[bioche2006] differnce btw primary and seconday hyperaldosteronism

[lucky11] by renin activity

[usmlear] pri. hyperaldo...high aldosterone levels in the absence of activation of the renin-angiotensin system.

[gewiner] rt renin normal in primary and incre in secondary

[usmlear] its Conn's synd

[an_bo_al] inc renin

[an_bo_al] rt

[bioche2006] ok cause of secondary hyperaldo

[usmlear] yes gew

[gewiner] stenosis art renal

[usmlear] diuretics

[bioche2006] more

[usmlear] liv cirrhosis

[usmlear] renal art stenosis

[usmlear] cong card. failure

[bioche2006] edema develops in what kind of hyperaldosteronism

[usmlear] sec

[bioche2006] good work guys now last question on this

[usmlear] thx

[bioche2006] how does secondary hyperaldosteronism in renalartery stenosis differs from secondory hyperaldo in liver cirrhosis

[usmlear] in renal...coexistant cerebrovascular, cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease

[usmlear] in live..portal HT

[erum] liver cirrhosis dec hor binding protien

[bioche2006] i am asking in terms of circulating fluid volume

[erum] inc free hor

[lucky11] hypertension in renal artery stenosis

[gewiner] incr TA in renal art stenosis

[bioche2006] circulating volumes increses in later but not in cirrhosis or chf

[bioche2006] becoz that ecf whatever increse goes to venous pooling

[bioche2006] ok next question

[usmlear] liv..transudate ascites

[usmlear] ok

[bioche2006] genotyoic male with female internal and external characterisitics phenotype

[bioche2006] which enzyme deficiency and why

[erum] have already finish 1st and 2nd chapter?

[bioche2006] no erum just asking randomly

[erum] ok

[gewiner] fail testost receptor

[bioche2006] i asked enzyme deficiency??//////

[lange] klinefeltiers

[usmlear] 17 alpha OH defi

[lange] def of dna binding domain

[lange] of recepter...androgen insensitivity

[bioche2006] great usmlear :cl

[usmlear] thx

[erum] agree w/ usmlear

[usmlear] erum..ask Qs from 1 & 2 ch

[bioche2006] guys with 17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency total androgen production shut down occurs

[bioche2006] which harmine have longest half life

[usmlear] HCG

[erum] hcg

[bioche2006] wrong

[usmlear] ?

[erum] t4

[erum] T4

[gewiner] 5 alpha reductase 2 deficiency too

[bioche2006] noramlly it si lipid soluble will have longest half life they r proteinbound rt erum

[bioche2006] erum gooooooddddddddddd

[bioche2006] which water soluble has longest half life

[erum] hcg is largest in size

[bioche2006] wrong not hcg

[bioche2006] it is igf-1 as only water soluble harmone bound to protein carrier next comes is hcg

[erum] no im saying its largest in size

[erum] igf is the answer

[erum] to yr 2nd q

[bioche2006] anyone esle wann ask question or i contnue

[bioche2006] rt erum gooood

[gewiner] association of Epispadias with

[erum] thyroid h extracellular receptor deficiency is called?

[bioche2006] failure of closure of uretral fold????/

[usmlear] urethral meatus opens on the dorsal aspect of the penile shaft.

[gewiner] (exstrophy of the bladder)

[bioche2006] ahha thanks

[usmlear] asso with bladder neck defect

[usmlear] ok

[bioche2006] thyroid harmon ehas no extracellular receptor

[bioche2006] it is intracellular

[erum] rt bioche2006

[bioche2006] erum applying tricks

[usmlear]

[erum] steroid h ave intracellular receptor

[lucky11] in nuclues

[usmlear] Thyroid hr stored covalently bound with prot-->have reservoir

[erum] pt has inc in total tyroid hor but free h level is normal why?

[lange] tbg increased

[lucky11] inc SBP

[lucky11] TBP

[erum] rt ang exp?

[usmlear] agree

[erum] example

[gewiner] pregnancy

[lucky11] inc total binding globluin

[erum] rt

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[usmlear] no signs of hyperfunction of estro. in preg female..why?

[gewiner] clasification of endocrine glands

[erum] preoptic region is dectroted will give def of?

[lange] becoz of inc in sbp

[gewiner] rt agree

[erum] inc sbp

[usmlear] rt

[gewiner] (paracrine-autocrine-neurocrine)

[erum] destroted i mean

[bioche2006] i got dc

[usmlear] inc estro causes release of more binding prot by liver

[usmlear] ok

[erum] preoptic region is destroyed will give dep of?

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[lange] oxytocin

[usmlear] agree

[erum] defeciency

[lange] erum

[gewiner] oxcytocin

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[bioche2006] gnrh

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[erum] bioche2006 rt

[erum] its gnrh

[usmlear] ok

[lange] oh

[lange] ok

[usmlee] hi

[gewiner] oxytocin too

[bioche2006] rt gewiner

[bioche2006] supraoptic ?what

[lange] adh

[gewiner] oxytocin + ADH=preoptic and paraventricular nuclei in hipothalamous

[erum] all hypothalamic hormines reach yhe medial eminence by the hypo vessels ?

[usmlear] in luteal phase & in preg..circulating free thyroid hr will be same..pl expl. this?

[lucky11] ADH oxytocin

[gewiner] Portal system

[bioche2006] yes usmle ar the free ramins same it is bound form which changes

[usmlee] gewiner preoptic or supraoptic

[bioche2006] and total which changes

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[usmlear] good bio

[gewiner] preOptic=Oxytocin

[bioche2006] preoptic oxyticin plus gnrh

[usmlear] ok gew

[erum] ok

[bioche2006] next q

[bioche2006] ????

[erum] its up there

[lange] portal vessels

[bioche2006] rt

[erum] wrong

[bioche2006] hypthalamic hypophyseal portal system

[usmlear] hypopit. in post partum hgh..mech?

[erum] all hypothalamic h r made in neuronal cell bodies reach median eminence by nerve endings

[usmlear] rt erum

[gewiner] Sheehan syndr

[bioche2006] pitutitory size increse during pregnanacy and postpartum hge will dec blood supply then necrossi called as sheehan

[erum] from med eminence reach ant pit by portal blood vessels

[usmlear] & from there -->hypophyseal portal system..transported to ant pit

[bioche2006] which harmones uwill replace

[usmlear] rt bio

[bioche2006] which harmaone u need to replace in sheehans

[gewiner] Thyroid and Growth

[bioche2006] wrong

[usmlee] gonadotropic

[bioche2006] wrong

[lange] thyroid

[bioche2006] partially rt

[an_bo_al] thyroid

[bioche2006] thyroid and glucocorticoids

[gewiner] thyroid and PL

[lange] gluco

[bioche2006] why not mineralo though they are essential for survival

[bioche2006] rt lange

[erum] bcuz its controled by aldo n k

[gewiner] name Hormone tyrosine derivates

[erum] angio 2

[bioche2006] erum u r in rt direction make more clear

[an_bo_al] what's the drive for mineralo?

[usmlee] epi norepi

[gewiner] and

[lucky11] zona glomerularis not controled by pituitary

[bioche2006] correct

[lange] yes

[bioche2006] thyroid

[erum] its contrloed by angiotensin 2 and high k levels

[lange] n gluco supple have mineralo action

[usmlear] zona glom..by angio II

[gewiner] (dopamine-thyroid hormones)

[an_bo_al] agree erum

[lucky11] it controlled by Na

[bioche2006] i answeered gewiner

[bioche2006] rt

[bioche2006] dopamine is not harmone

[bioche2006] thyrodi is harmone

[usmlear] rt

[lucky11] dopamine is neurotransmitter

[erum] whats the other name for dopa function wise

[bioche2006] pif

[erum] rt

[lucky11] PIF

[an_bo_al] prolactin inh fctor

[usmlee] and who stimulate prolactin

[usmlear] constent infusion of GnRH causes dec in LH & FSH..whats the mech?

[bioche2006] usmlear dotn out any question iaske erum to keep quiet fro a while

[erum] y cut the pituitary stalk all ant pit h dec?

[usmlee] down regulation

[lucky11] downergulation of receptors

[erum] receptor down reg

[usmlear] rt

[erum] am i rt or wrong?

[bioche2006] all decress except prolactin

[lange] yes

[erum] rt

[an_bo_al] rt

[usmlee] bioche where did you get ADH secretes from preoptic neu

[usmlear] yes..bec neg feedback

[bioche2006] i told gnrh and oxytocin not adh

[gewiner] mechanism action of horm peptide(which receptor location and second messenger and time effect)

[erum] s/s of hyper prolactinoma

[bioche2006] membrane receptor secondary messneger

[bioche2006] cna be anything from adenyl cyclase to phopholipase c to calcium to dag

[erum] water sol memb receptor 2nd messenger fast acting

[usmlear] amenorrhea

[gewiner] rt and time of effect is fast

[lucky11] amenorrhea

[bioche2006] in female amenorrhea , galctorrheos decresed estradiol

[erum] lipid slo nuclaer receptor long acting

[bioche2006] in men impotnece loss of libido gynaecomastia

[bioche2006] hypogonadism

[usmlee] prolactin inhibits gnrh

[erum] rt bioche2006

[gewiner] rt incres prolact

[lucky11] infertility

[erum] rt

[bioche2006] ok in which enzyme deficicieny u see decrese cortisol levels

[lucky11] 11 OH lase

[erum] pit stalk is normal but prolactin inc? why

[usmlear] 17 alpha OH

[usmlear] 21 Beta OH

[usmlear] 11 Beta OH..

[usmlee] 21beta

[bioche2006] rt good

[usmlear] in all these 3 hr defi

[erum] 17 alph hydroxy

[bioche2006] tumour prolactinoma

[erum] 21 beta hydr

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[bioche2006] rt all three enzymes deficiency u see decrese cortisol

[bioche2006] ok which is week mineralocorticoid

[erum] and 11 beta hydroxy

[bioche2006] rt erum

[erum] 11 deoxycortisone

[bioche2006] goodddd

[usmlee] also in 17 alpha

[bioche2006] what in urine 17 hydroxy steroids means

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[usmlear] 21 beta..wk miner.

[usmlee] cortisol metabolism

[erum] means 17 oh is there

[lucky11] cushing

[bioche2006] rt god

[bioche2006] good

[bioche2006] is testosteron is 17 ketosteroid

[usmlee] no

[usmlear] dec sex hr in 17 alpha..

[bioche2006] everyone

[lucky11] yes

[erum] no its 19 i think

[bioche2006] erum 19 21 are carbons

[erum] c 19

[usmlear] yes it is C19

[erum] oh ok sorry

[bioche2006] i am asking hydroxy or keto steroids

[usmlee] nolyDHEA and andros are 17keto

[bioche2006] rt usmlee

[erum] its keto

[bioche2006] so in postpupertal male urine where does 17 keto steroid comes from

[usmlear] yes

[bioche2006] erum testosterone is not keto but dhea and andro is

[erum] ok rt

[usmlear] what r the functions of testo?

[erum] from adrenal

[bioche2006] 2/3 adrenal and 1/3 testis (becoz whne testosterone metabolizes it becomes 17 keto

[usmlee] both testis and adrenal

[bioche2006] rt usmle

[erum] ok

[usmlear] feature of puberty,anabolism,gametogenesis,

[usmlear] final maturation of spermatids to spermatozoa requires the action of testosterone on the Sertoli cells

[bioche2006] testo in migren of testis to scrotum dev of internal male ducts and dht external genitilia and then all masculinizing efects from testo

[bioche2006] rt usmlear

[usmlear] rt bio

[usmlear] also..negative feedback on secretion of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary

[erum] tt for male ebryo genesis

[bioche2006] next q

[erum] development of testes

[erum] and descent

[bioche2006] rt

[usmlear] yes

[erum] and later for sec male character

[usmlear] what is aromatase activity?

[bioche2006] testo to estrogen

[usmlear] rt

[usmlee] yes

[bioche2006] stimulated by fsh

[erum] tt to estrogen

[usmlear] testosterone is converted into oestradiol in the liver, adipose tissue and the CNS

[erum] rt

[usmlear] bio..is is sti, by FSH at every site?

[usmlear] like in..liv,adipose?

[usmlear] or diff.?

[usmlee] i think it is different mecha

[usmlee] becasue all are comes from cloles

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[usmlee] choles

[bioche2006] anybody put q i got dc

[usmlear] ?

[erum] adrenal tissue ischemia damage to zona glomerulosa and pt got better after few days of rx iv k ?

[gewiner] pattern of release hormone?

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[usmlear] bec it was controlled by K+

[usmlear] so Rx with K will improve this

[usmlear] K+ is the main regulator of Z .glomeru.

[bioche2006] no angiotenisin 2 is potassium comes secondary

[usmlear] erum..am i rt?

[erum] no

[usmlear] whats the ans.?

[erum] if zona glom is damaged

[erum] no aldo is made

[bioche2006] its me or erum or usmlear put quetion why others dont out

[bioche2006] i feel very bad

[erum] no aldo pt will die

[erum] he wont get better

[bioche2006] erum you and your tricks i thought so

[lange] bio i was not prepared well today

[usmlear] ok..but u say after K+ ..better?

[gewiner] (circadian rythm-ultradian rhytm-seasonal rhythm-)

[erum] the pt is aldo is imp for life

[erum] heheheheh y asked for it bioche2006

[erum] no straight q

[bioche2006] usmlear there is always hidden q in erums question

[usmlear] ok..got it erum

[erum] im like the ppl making q for the test

[usmlear] ya..i noticed that

[lange] yes...........erum thank god u are not in panel who frame q for step 1

[erum] like ppl making q for the test.....never staraght

[lange] how would we pass

[lange]

[bioche2006] theyr r called bouncers they do exist in exam

[usmlear]

[usmlear] rt

[bioche2006] i gues we discussed everything

[lange] oh...ok

[bioche2006] pretty much

[usmlear] & ..i am afraid of distractors too

[usmlear] yes bio

[usmlear] good job everybody

[lange] today was good discussion

[usmlear] yes

[erum] hello

[bioche2006] lange i thought everyday is good one

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[lange] yes bio

[an_bo_al] txs

[usmlear] :0..ok so for tomo..

[lange] i wish i had made better participation

[erum] finalyyyyyyyyy

[erum] i got blocked so

[bioche2006] thats fine lange o

[usmlear] we will continue endo..

[erum] wasnt able to answer

[bioche2006] ok guys see u tomorrow

[usmlear] its a long topic

[bioche2006] hey what ahppened to path

[bioche2006] u starting bioche now in night

[erum] tomorow i wnt come

[bioche2006] why

[erum] i wont be able to come

[erum] hace to go to dalas

[erum] be back for sunday though

[bioche2006] u want us to postpone it to sunday

[usmlear] ok

[bioche2006] with topics of sat along

[erum] if y dont mind

[bioche2006] we can discuss sat and sun

[bioche2006] on sun

[erum] ok

[usmlear] as u all decide..

[bioche2006] what u say lange and usmle sorry guys i am not asking rs of u becoz we r discssuin rt form beginiing

[usmlear] i am in

[bioche2006] lange is it fine with you

[erum] bcuz when i dont discuss feels like ive not done that topic

[lange] ok

[bioche2006] ok on sunday we will discuss sat adn sun topic togahter

[usmlear] as u all agree..i don't have any problem

[erum] if only y guys have no prob

[bioche2006] no prob erum

[lange] ok so no physio tomorro

[bioche2006] no

[erum] ok tx sssooooooooooooo much

[lange] ok

[lange] sun we finish endo

[erum] well make it on sunday

[usmlear] ok

[usmlear] so,now we r going to meet on Sunday..

[bioche2006] bye

[bioche2006] yup sunday

[erum] hehehe

[bioche2006] bye

[usmlear] for physio & path..BOTH ..rt?

[erum] ok tx all

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[lange] ok bye all

[erum] bye

[usmlear] ok,bye all

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