01-03-2005, 07:06 PM
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Senior Member
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Join Date: May 2004
Posts: 539
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Transcript: PATHOLOGY-> CELL INJURY
This is our first chat session transcript, itīs not complete, sorry. We will continue tomorrow because we run out of time.
See you guys tomorrow.
Quote:
[roxanita] ok, so we wont forget in a pt with ventilation defect, giving O2 wont help that much but in perfusion problem it will
[mmw] yes
[roxanita] now about Diffusion defect
[mmw] yes with perfusion problem with oxygen become perfect
[roxanita] examples guys?
[usmle_guy] fibrosis
[mmw] we can seen in sarcoidosis
[roxanita] great, other..
[mmw] Pulm.Edema
[roxanita] ok...
[roxanita] what decreases in this kind of defect?
[ttw] pao2 decr
[mmw] Pao2 and sat o2
[mmw] a nd also oxy content
[roxanita] Decreases PaO2 because it canī cross the membranes easily
[mmw] but Hb is normal
[roxanita] yes Hb is normal
[mmw] the membrane is thick
[mmw] so oxy cannot across
[roxanita] ANEMIA .-
[roxanita] what is altered in anemia?
[mmw] in anemia hb dec
[jwls29] only hb
[mmw] no oxy content will also dec
[jwls29] Sa02 and Pa02 are normal
[roxanita] so if Hb is decrease---> O2 content will be decrease?
[jwls29] right what i meant is that the sa02 and the pa02 are normal
[mmw] yes i agree jwls
[roxanita] CO Poisoning ?
[roxanita] *choochoo*
[jwls29] dec 02 content so dec Sa02
[mmw] but in the previous vent perf,and diffu also have a dec oxy content and have a normal Hb how come that Hb dec------->oxy content dec?rox
[jwls29] there is less hb to drive 02 around so that means that there will will be a decrease in 02
[jwls29] i hope that makes sense
[roxanita] this helps: O2 Content= 1,34 Hb x Sat =2 + PaO2
[roxanita] from the formula the O2 content will decrease
[ttw] what is the 1st symptom
[mmw] hi i don't know what 's wrong with my screen
[roxanita] ok I got it. the fact that we have normal Hb doesnīt mean that under certain respiratory defects, our O2Content value wont be affected
[mmw] yes
[mmw] that's what i was confusing i am clear now
[roxanita] in ventilation and diffusion defects there is a saturation problem so it will immediately make the O2 content to decrease
[jwls29] yes
[mmw] yeh
[roxanita] and from the formula which envolves Hb, SatO2 and PaO2, any change of those will affect the O2 content
[roxanita] Does it make sense?
[ttw] yeh
[usmle_guy] yes, you explained it very well
[mmw] yes
[roxanita] Thatīs why this formula is important, because in the real exam we need to be as fast as we can, no time to think over about it
[mmw] thanks
[roxanita] put this formula in front of your toilet 
[ttw] ok
[roxanita] Itī just a joke 
[mmw] 
[usmle_guy] lol
[roxanita] I like to joke, plese donīt be ofended with my jokes 
[jwls29] *slap*
[jwls29] oh no
[jwls29] we need something to entertain us
[usmle_guy] not offended.....its very funny
[roxanita] Ouch *)
[mmw]  oh jwls
[jwls29] lol
[ttw] r u ok rox
[jwls29] lol
[roxanita] ok, so in Anemia we have...
[usmle_guy] couldn't resist
[roxanita] only decrease on Hb and for this also decr in O2 Content
[mmw] normal PaO2 andSatO2
[jwls29] agree
[roxanita] bad boys huh
[usmle_guy] agree
[roxanita] mcc of anemia?
[mmw] iron def
[jwls29] iron deficiency
[ttw] iron def
[clover] agree
[mmw] what is the first sign of CO poisoning?
[roxanita] and with CO Poisoning we got: Decrease SatO2 and so for Decr O2 Content
[ttw] headache
[usmle_guy] headache
[roxanita] the rest is normal
[roxanita] yup headache,
[mmw] yes
[usmle_guy] sources of CO poisoning?
[jwls29] cars,heaters
[jwls29] smoke inhalation
[usmle_guy] yes. cars, heaters, smoke
[mmw] yes
[mmw] agree to both of u
[roxanita] and because the high affinity of CO for binding sites on Heme , it kickes out the good friend Oxygen
[jwls29] tx for CO poisoning?
[mmw] so ODC shift left
[usmle_guy] O2
[mmw] 100%oxy
[jwls29] yes mmw
[mmw] which part of brain is necrosis?
[roxanita] ok very good, Rx: 100%O2
[ttw] globu palidus
[usmle_guy] globus pallidus causing parkinson symptoms
[mmw] yeh so we will see parkinson like syndron
[jwls29] agree
[roxanita] and the skin gets what color?
[mmw] cheery red
[usmle_guy] red
[jwls29] agree
[roxanita] is that the mask cyanosis?
[ttw] cherry red spot
[ttw] yes
[mmw] what is mask cyanosis?
[roxanita] I heard Goljan talking about it
[usmle_guy] the redness will mask the cyanosis which is normally blue
[mmw] i don't remember right now
[mmw] oh yes
[mmw] thanks usmle
[usmle_guy] your welcome
[roxanita] good
[mmw] ok
[usmle_guy] wow, its 5 already *)
[roxanita] Problems with Oxidative Pathway in Mitochondria
[ttw] dnp
[mmw] if u drink in the mountain what will u see
[roxanita] how many of you are full time students for step 1?
[jwls29] me
[ttw] me
[roxanita] me
[mmw] me
[usmle_guy] do you mean studying full time?
[usmle_guy] i wish i was. i have a part time job too.
[roxanita] 5 so far, so we got no excuses guys
[roxanita] but you know your stuff usmleguy
[mmw] yeh rox thanks
[roxanita] we love to have you here
[usmle_guy] not really, i just read ahead. but thanks
[ttw] thanks
[mmw] we love to have u here too rox 
[usmle_guy] yes rox, you are our fearless leader who put this thing together
[roxanita] I think this is a great way to push ourselves to study
[roxanita] if anybody is in the same boat, you are welcome here guys, with your questions and doubts we can help each other
[roxanita] we did slow today but this will get better
[usmle_guy] i'm very excited about these chats. cant wait till tomorrow
[mmw] yeh let's speed up from tomorrow
[jwls29] remember to post tomorrow, please
[ttw] me too
[clover] i saw the post on another forum. we should post announcements about it so more show up
[roxanita] send me pm whenever you want about the chats ok
[clover] i'll try to read ahead for next time, but just learned about it about an hour ago
[jwls29] let's keep going
[roxanita] OXIDATIVE PATHWAY IN MITOCHONDRIA :/
[usmle_guy] i'm still here too. we got a late start, so we should keep going
[mmw] inhibit the cytochrome oxidase
[roxanita] what causes problems with Oxidtive Pathway?
[ttw] dnp
[jwls29] cyanide and carbon monoxide inhibit cytochrome oxidase
[usmle_guy] CO, cyanide
[mmw] yes
[usmle_guy] alcohol and aspirn too i think
[roxanita] right
[mmw] whatwill happen if the mitochondria is poison
[roxanita] that counts for the Uncoupled oxidative phosphorilation
[roxanita] poisoning with CO will inhibit Cytochrome oxidase in the ETC
[usmle_guy] hyperthermia is the result of uncoupling
[mmw] we cannot synthesis ATP right?
[roxanita] Oxidative Pathway is blocked and protons wont enter the intermb space---> no ATP
[roxanita] right
[usmle_guy] yes, no atp is righ
[usmle_guy] i mean right
[mmw] yes
[roxanita] In Biochemistry we will see this in much detail but itī good to start now
23:12 [roxanita] *choochoo*
23:15 [mmw] yes i agree with u rox
23:15 [roxanita] what are the effects of a decrease in Cellular ATP?
23:16 [mmw] shift to anaerobic glycolysis
23:16 [jwls29] the na/k/atpase pump is impaired
23:16 [jwls29] causing water and na to leak into the cell
23:17 [jwls29] producing hydropic swelling
23:17 [roxanita] ok and also there is a decrease in protein syntheis
23:17 [jwls29] yes b/c the ribosomes fall off the RER
23:18 [mmw] agree
23:18 [roxanita] Tissue Hypoxia and Irreversible Cell Injury
23:19 [mmw] cell memb destruction
23:19 [mmw] lipid peroxidation
23:19 [ttw] mitocho damaged
23:20 [roxanita] and here he got to talk about Free Radicals ;(
23:20 [roxanita] but can be reversed by what Vitamin?
23:20 [jwls29] vit e
23:20 [usmle_guy] #
23:20 [mmw] vit E
23:20 [usmle_guy] E
23:21 [clover] agree vit E
23:21 [roxanita] uhu
23:21 [mmw] calcium also cause irrevesible injury
23:22 [roxanita] What is the role of Calcium in Irrev Cell Injury?
23:22 [roxanita] your welcome Clover
23:23 [clover] it'll get me to study because i want to be better prepared next time
23:23 [mmw] coagulation necrosis
23:23 [roxanita] When Ca ATPase failed, Ca will accumulate in cytosol, this will activate Ezs ...
23:24 [roxanita] very good mmw
23:24 [mmw] ca accumulate in the cytosol
23:24 [mmw] yeh
23:26 [jwls29] have a good chat
23:26 [ttw] bye see u later good luck
23:26 [roxanita] ok jwls, happy studying
23:26 [mmw] enz in cell memb produce lipid peroxidation and in nucleas produce nuclear pykinosis 23:27 [roxanita] yes mmw, then it will affect mitochondria mb and will enter it destroying the mitochondria
23:27 [roxanita] this seems easy studying with you guys
23:27 [mmw] and become coagulative necrosis
23:28 [roxanita] so on Irrev Injury we better remember Calcium as the "Ca"tastrophic Ion
23:29 [ttw] lactic acid accumulate in intrecellur
23:30 [usmle_guy] i'm sorry but i have to go. i'll see you all tomorrow.
23:30 [roxanita] Now letīs talk about "CELL DEATH EZS MARKERS"
23:30 [roxanita] bye usmle_guy
23:30 [mmw] ok
23:30 [roxanita] thanks for coming
23:31 [usmle_guy] thanks for putting this together. bye for now.
23:31 usmle_guy has left the chat.
23:31 [mmw] AST<ALT for live necrosis
23:31 [mmw] bye usmle
23:31 [roxanita] Transaminases is for hepatitis..as Amylase/lipase is for...
23:31 [mmw] pancrease
23:32 [roxanita] ok, and Creatine Kinase is for?
23:32 [mmw] scleletal and cardiac
23:32 [roxanita] right
23:32 [mmw] CK_MB is for cardiac
23:32 [roxanita] good
23:33 [roxanita] and also LDH
23:33 [mmw] MI LDH half flip
23:33 [mmw] sorry LDH 1 ?2
23:33 [mmw] wrong typing
23:33 [roxanita] ok, now about Free Radicals
23:34 [roxanita] *choochoo*
23:34 [mmw] compund that has unpair electron
23:36 [mmw] super oxide
23:36 [roxanita] Guys is getting close to 6 and I have to go, we will continue this tomorrow, we have to complete Goljan from A to Z
23:36 [mmw] yes thanku so much for ur kindness
23:36 [roxanita] I will prepare my questions better for tomorrow but I think for being our first day we got everything understood
23:37 [clover] thanks everyone. i'll read ahead for tomorrow
23:37 [roxanita] I will modify the schedule cause PATHOLOGY is a MUST for Step1
23:37 [mmw] i was very much enjoyed with u and become confident right now
23:37 [mmw] bye rox
23:38 [mmw] ok
23:38 [roxanita] you did great mmw, everybody is welcome
23:38 [clover] bye everyone
23:38 [roxanita] ttw, clover, mmw, see you guys tomorrow
23:38 [roxanita] Thanks for coming
23:38 clover has left the chat.
23:38 [ttw] see u soon bye
23:39 [ttw] thank u too
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