Freud's phase

[Asclepius1]

You are assigned to the pediatric clinic one day to perform routine health maintenance exams on children. You examine a child whose mother states she is able to speak in two- to three-word sentences, walk downstairs holding one hand of her caregiver, and build a tower of four blocks. The child is developmentally and chronologically matched. Given these skills, you believe the child fits into which of the following category of theories of development?

A. Freud's oral phase and Erickson's trust versus mistrust

B. Freud's oral phase and Erickson's autonomy versus shame and doubt

C. Freud's anal phase and Erickson's trust versus mistrust

D. Freud's anal phase and Erickson's autonomy versus shame and doubt

E. Freud's anal phase and Erickson's initiative versus guilt

Could you show the source you found this information? I do not know what is Freud's phase. thanks

[Asclepius1]

First, look at the developmental landmarks:

Developmental Landmarks after the First Year

* 13-14 months: Walks alone
* 15 months: Builds a two block tower
* 16-18 months: Names a few pictures
* 19-24 months: Reproductive memory
* 25-30 months: The growth of language: personal pronouns
* 31-42 months: Motor skills of locomotion: tiptoe and balance

Child Development: Freud's Developmental Phases

1st month Oral phase begins 12th month Oral phase ends
13th month Anal phase begins 24th month Anal phase ends
25th month Genital phase begins

Erikson

Basic trust vs basic mistrust
Oral sensory Birth to one year

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
1 year to 3 years


Initiative vs. Guilt
3 to 5 years

Latency Stage

Adolescent Stage

Erikson's Adult stage:

Early Adulthood Intimacy vs.Isolation

Middle Adulthood: Generativity vs.Self-absorption

Maturity Stage

The aging years: Integrity vs. Despair


More on Freud

Child Development: Freud's Oral Phase

The oral phase begins at birth and lasts eight months. It is characterized by the infant's concern for his mouth and gratification he feels from oral stimuli. The most obvious oral activity the child derives pleasure from is eating. Oral stimulation, however, is also produced by engaging in such activities as sucking, biting, swallowing and manipulating various parts of the mouth. Freud contended that these activities are he child's means of fulfilling his sexual urges. Hence, Eros (the life instinct) makes its appearance. But Thanatos (the death instinct) is also seen since quite frequently children destroy objects they come in contact with, often by biting them.

During this phase, the child's personality is controlled by the id. He demands immediate gratification of his wants.

Other phases related to Oral Phase:

* Trust vs. Mistrust
* Primary narcissism
* Need-satisfying
* paranoid-schizoid position
* part-object relations
* normal autism
* Birth

Child Development: Freud's Anal Phase

The anal stage of motivational development is characterized by the child's central area of bodily concern in the rectum. Bowel movements become a source of pleasure to the child. He may defecate often to achieve this pleasure. This, however, would bring him into conflict with his parents. The conflict leads the child to develop an ego. He comes to realize that he cannot always do what he wants when he wants. He learns that there are certain times when it it appropriate to expel waste and other times when it is inappropriate. He gradually comes to understand his mother's wishes and abides by them.


Child Development: Freud's Genital Phase

Genital Phase

The genital phase is the longest of the five stages. It lasts seven years from ages eleven to eighteen. This period is similar to the anal stage. There is a renewed interest and pleasure derived from excretory activity. In addition, masturbation takes place and is engaged in much more frequently at this time than during the anal stage.

In the beginning of the genital phase, the person seeks associations with members of his own sex just as in the latency period. But the associations are stronger in the genital phase and Freud believed that they are homosexual in nature, even though homosexual activity may not take place. As this period progresses, however, the homosexual tendencies are supplanted by heterosexual ones and toward the latter part of this phase, the child makes contact and forms relationships with members of the opposite sex.

Also at this time, the superego undergoes further development and becomes more flexible. In the latency period the superego is quite rigid. The child adopts rules in the most literal sense. During the genital phase, the individual realizes that some rules are less vital than others. Consequently, his behavior will reflect this. He accepts some rules or norms and makes exceptions to others.

[Asclepius1]

My answer is D. Freud's anal phase and Erickson's autonomy versus shame and doubt

[Asclepius1]

That is very good information. Thanks for helping deciding the answer D!!!!

[GG]

You all right!

[pharmacology]

This is a tough question