alpha2 macroglobulin?

[azaheer]

alpha2 macroglobulin is senthysized by what?

[md90]

alpha2 macroglobulin is senthysized by what?

Alpha2-macroglobulin is a protein, and most proteins are synthesized in the liver.. so that would be my guess..

[azaheer]

most proteins are synthesized in the liver
except:
Ig by lymphocyte
apolipprotein by enterocyte

I am asking because i raed that :

it is produced by Hepatocyte & Macrophage
and it doesn't seem right

[md90]

Alpha 2 microglobulin is part of the lipocalin family. There are many different isoforms which exhibit extensive homology. It is a major urinary protein in male rats and is synthesised and secreted by hepatic parenchymal cells. Alpha 2 microglobulin is also known as MUP (major urinary protein) and is a very important allergen because it constitutes approximately 30% of the total protein content excreted in the urine. Rats are the most frequently used laboratory animals and allergy to them constitutes an occupational disease. Approximately 20 % of the personal engaged in work with laboratory animals have acquired symptoms of allergy.
reference: http://www.abcam.com/index.html?datasheet=27160 (http://www.abcam.com/index.html?datasheet=27160)

[azaheer]

at the begining i was confused;

Alpha 2 microglobulin is also known as MUP (major urinary protein)

whaaaaaaaaaaaat? it never excreted in urine for its large size
then i noticed:

Alpha 2 microglobulin
its macro not micro

thank you anyway, i think i'll satisfy by:

Alpha2-macroglobulin is a protein, and most proteins are synthesized in the liver..

but i still not certain about the MACROPHAGE involvement

[md90]

:sorry:
I apologize for the typo.. but look on the positive side, now we both know what Alpha-2-microglobin is, along with Alpha-2-macroglobin....

Alpha-2 macroglobulin is a large plasma protein (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_protein) found in the blood (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood). It is produced by the liver (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver), and is a major component of the alpha-2 band in protein electrophoresis (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_electrophoresis). Alpha-2 macroglobulin levels are increased in nephrotic syndrome (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome), a condition wherein the kidneys (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney) start to leak out some of the smaller blood proteins. Because of its size, α2-macroglobulin is retained in the bloodstream. Increased production of all proteins means α2-macroglobulin concentration increases. This increase has little adverse affect on the health, but is used as a diagnostic clue. Longstanding chronic renal failure (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_renal_failure) can lead to amyloid (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid) by alpha-2 macroglobulin (see main article: amyloid (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid)). A common variant (29.5%) (polymorphism (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_%28biology%29)) of α2-macroglobulin leads to increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease), although the mechanism is unknown

In relation to macrophages:
Alpha-2-macroglobulin is a protease-inhibitor, which is synthesized by macrophages and has a wide spectrum of inhibitory abilities.

Macrophages secrete alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M), a protein that may facilitate early Ag handling. alpha 2M is able to entrap and form covalent linkages with diverse proteins during a transient proteinase- activated state

It appears from the resources that I checked that alpha-2-macroglobulin plays an immunologic role; Macrophages synthesizes this protein to help with the preparation before presenting to the T-cells.

Hope that this helps... If anyone in the forum knows more, please inform. Thank you :p